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OUR LIFE MONTHLY, published by Ukrainian National Women's League o f America Vol. XXXV FEBRUARY 1978 No. 2 Editor Marta Baczynsky HEROES AND TIME We had the great opportunity to read the poem found in Ukrainian on page 1 here on a small folded sheet of thin grey paper which had wandered from hand to hand and was very reminiscent of secretive letters passed along mongst the incar cerated. Because of its physical appearance, the poem took on a special secret message. The effect of this little piece of paper becomes even greater when one realizes that it is the expres sion of the most intimate feelings of the author. Before our very eyes, all that the author has experienced, is presently experiencing, and will experience again becomes vivid. What is more, it becomes not only the voice of just this one author, but that of many just like him, both known about and un known, those, that must choose between two paths: the easy one or the rather thorny path of the person that remains true to his beliefs. Many had lived under very pleasant circbmstances, had occupied very prominent positions. They would have re mained there had they not... had they not found the fate of their homeland, human rights, rights of an independent thought and word more important than bodily comforts. Their decision did not involve a sudden heroic act. In stead, they committed an even more heroic deed by making their decision over a period of weeks, months and maybe even years. The expanse of time increased their moral and physical suffering. Although a person can usually withstand one heavy blow, it is much harder when one is forced to undergo a steady pressure. Mykola Rudenko, whose ill health requires constant movement and changes in body position, is forced to sit still for days and weeks. Thinking about all of these imprisoned people, we inevi table find ourselves pondering over our ideas; It is a fact that WOMAN VIEWS & NEWS IN WOMAN'S WORLD Contiuation What forces thwart, inhibit and even totally destroy women’s motivation to achieve in any area outside the home? Why are there so many women working in jobs instead of pursuing careers? Why do so many girls grow to be secretaries rather than executives, stewardesses rather than pilots, nurses- rather than doctors? As argued in last month’s column, neither the barriers of sex discrimination nor the imagined limitations of "nature" can explain why so few women achieve distinction in the professions or, for that matter, why so few are prepared for well-paid jobs in the labor market. In this, the second part of the article, the causes of this phenomenon will be discussed. Briefly. Entire volumes could be devoted to this question, therefore, this modest contribution to the subject can serve only as an introduction to a very crucial area of concern. We return, again, to the question "why don’t women succeed in fields of endeavor outside the home? The answer is really quite simple: women don’t succeed because they are not all people are born with a predisposition towards heroism and not everyone is expected to commit great acts of bravery. However, every little effort counts and is required. During a recent gathering, I met quite a few acquaint ances, formerly enthusiastic and brave fighters. Maybe they still live with memories of their former triumphs. And what do they discuss? They talk about the "dissidents,” criticizing them, ana lysing them, making comments and giving them "advice" as to how they should act and live, what they should say. What a mockery it all is of what they had experienced! Exhausting this topic, they move on to those discussions a little closer to home: criticism of existing organizations, of each other’s houses and bank accounts, and even a debate as to how many thousands of dollars one must have in the bank to be considered "well-to- do.” One then thinks: would these same people sacrifice even the smallest bit of their wealth, well-being and time for the same cause for which they were once willing to be jailed and even die? Time... time is the power that multiplies suffering. But, it is also the power that is able to alter a person. The pressure of time during suffering can change a person; the pressure of time during good times can change a person’s outlook on life, can change the brave into accomodating fools who only know how to criticize those who act, suffer and risk everything in the name of their ideas; It is because of these ideas that they struggle, in order that they may live the full life of a real per son, preventing the occurence of that which the piece of grey paper warns of: ’’And you are no longer there Instead, there is a dead hollow.” Translated by L. K. MOTRIA KUSHNIR taught to fail. Consider, for a moment, the following research findings of various studies conducted over the last two decades. • In 1958 — that is, well before the women’s movement regained momentum — G. A. Milton conducted "Five Studies of the Relation Between Sex-Role Indentification and Achieve ment in Problem Solving” for the Department of Industrial Administration of Yale University. The findings of the study, published in an extensive technical report, indicated that boys had greater mathematical aptitude than girls when standard tests were used to measure ability. However, when problems were simply reworded so that they dealt with cooking and gardening, girls improved their scores significantly even though the abstract reasoning required for solution of the problem remained the same. • In 1968 a psychologist named Philip Goldberg under took a study to determine whether "Women Are Prejudiced Against Women” — an approach which certainly qualifies the НАШЕ ЖИТТЯ, ЛЮТИЙ 1978 21
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