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UNDERSTANDING ESTROGEN by IHOR MAGIJN, M.D. The female hormone estrogen plays an exceedingly important role throughout a woman's life. The significant decline in levels of estrogen at menopause is of great concern and it is especially ironic that estrogen levels are reduced during the time the body is most vulnerable to aging problems. Fewer than 20% of females with natural menopause (i.e. not surgically induced) take hormone replacement therapy — HRT - which has many beneficial effects as well as some associated risks. Long term use of estrogen after menopause, for example, may be associated with a slight increase of breast cancer risk. Women with intact reproductive organs are now routinely placed on low dose estrogen-progesterone combination treatments - hormones which mimic regular menstrual periods. There have been limited studies on these combination treatments and associated risk of breast cancer. HRT with estrogen alone increases the risk of endometrial cancer (uterus), but when progesterone is added, it lowers the risk to a level which is lower than the risk for women who are not receiving any form of HRT. HRT is available in tablet form, as a vaginal cream or transdermally with patches. The benefits of HRT are significant. It helps maintain cognitive function with protection against Alzheimer's disease. Risk of Alzheimer's disease declines as dosage and duration of treatment is increased. Studies have shown that HRT can improve cognitive function in those patients with pre-existing dementia. HRT can also reduce menopausal symptoms such as hot flashes, night sweats, and severe mood swings. It helps prevent urogenital complaints such as urinary tract infections, vaginal dryness and inflammation. HRT has cardioprotective effects. It reduces the risk of cardio-vascular disease by having an anti-atherosclerotic effect on blood vessels. It increases the levels of good cholesterol (HDL) and reduces the level of bad cholesterol (LDL). HRT has been shown to reduce the risk of macular degeneration and current studies suggest it reduces the risk of colon cancer. Certain individuals should not be on HRT: women who have or have had breast cancer, women who are pregnant, women who have estrogen-dependent cancers, women with abnormal genital bleeding, and women with a history of phlebitis or blood clots. As with any form of drug treatment, HRT is pharmacologic, and benefits and risks must be weighed and balanced both at the initiation of treatment and over time. Consultation with a gynecologist and internist should guide any treatment plan. LETTERS TO THE EDITOR Dear Pani Irena: Congratulations to you for the high quality of Our Life. I especially enjoyed the article about Olena Pchilka. Keep up the good work in the next century. God bless you! Enclosed is my check to Our Life.* With love, Mary Dushnyk * Mrs. Dushnyk's generous contribution of $50.00 to the Our Life press fund is much appreciated. 22 “НАШЕ ЖИТТЯ”, ЛЮТИЙ 2000 Видання C оюзу Українок A мерики - перевидано в електронному форматі в 2012 році . A рхів C У A - Ню Йорк , Н . Й . C Ш A.
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