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writer Ivan Franko who was a close friend of her father and lived next door. As a young girl, Kateryna's health proved to be somewhat weak and her parents decided to educate her at home rather than sending her to school. The Hrushevsky family home was filled with books, works of art, oriental and Ukrainian carpets (kylyms), and artifacts of various sorts, and her domestic education proved to be quite thorough. Every summer the family would retreat to their cottage at Kryvorivnia in the Carpathian Mountains; occasionally her father went on trips to Italy or other places in Europe. The revolution of 1905 in Russia opened new prospects for the development of Ukrainian politics and Ukrainian studies and Mykhailo Hrushevsky became ever more closely engaged in the Ukrainian national movement in the Russian Empire. After 1906, Maria and Kateryna spent the autumn and winter months in Kyiv, but returned to Kryvorivnia in the Galician Carpathians for the summer. The coming of World War I in 1914 caught the family in Kryvorivnia. But Mykhailo Hrushevsky still retained his Russian citizenship and had many enemies in the Austrian Empire so they traveled through Vienna and neutral Italy back to Kyiv in the Russian Empire. Upon his arrival in Kyiv, however, Hrushevsky was arrested by the Tsar's police and sent into internal exile in Simbirsk in central Russia. At this time, Kateryna had to fill out a police questionnaire and, being from Galicia, managed to fill it out in the forbidden Ukrainian language rather than in Russian. The war years were difficult for the Hrushevsky family which moved from Simbirsk, to Kazan, to Moscow, and finally, after the outbreak of a new revolution in 1917, back to Kyiv. During these years, Kateryna saw her father's fame and fortune steadily grow. Immediately upon his arrival in Kyiv, he was elected honorary head of the new Ukrainian national assembly or Rada. While Hrushevsky headed this Ukrainian Central Rada and eventually the Ukrainian Democratic Republic, Kateryna enrolled at the newly founded Ukrainian National University. There, it seems, she set out to study legal theory (with V. Okhrymovych), the history of Ukrainian law (with R. Lashchenko), Roman law (with Yu. Haievsky), economics (with M. Tuhan-Baranovsky), and the history of Ukraine (with her uncle Alexander Hrushevsky). Other students included Yu. F. Vovk, son of the famous ethnographer, and Pavlo Tychyna, who later became a well-known and much loved Ukrainian poet. But political events moved very swiftly during those revolutionary years and Kateryna was forced to abandon her studies before they were completed. After the overthrow of the Central Rada, life became somewhat precarious and the Hrushevsky family lived quietly on the outskirts of Kyiv. For Kateryna, probably the most traumatic experience of these revolutionary years was the bombardment of Kyiv by the Bolsheviks in early 1918; the Red leader Muraviev specifically targeted the Hrushevsky house and it quickly went up in flames. Kateryna's paternal grandmother died in the tumult and the rest of the family had to flee for their lives. Nevertheless, the revolutionary years also saw some positive events in Kateryna's personal life. It was during this period that she published her first articles. They were mostly reviews of recent books on literature and politics and appeared in her father's prestigious journal The Literary Scientific Herald (Literatumo-naukovyi vistnyk). The years following the revolution saw the Hrushevsky family living in exile in western and central Europe. They moved from Geneva to Prague and then to Vienna. During this period, Kateryna improved her knowledge of western languages, became acquainted with the development of social sciences in the west, and acquired a serious interest in modem anthropology. This somewhat paralleled the experience of her father who during this period founded the Ukrainian Sociological Institute and carried on a vigorous publishing program with an emphasis upon modem methods in the social sciences. For a while Kateryna studied law and "social economics" at the University of Geneva. In spite of repeated interruptions in her education, Kateryna seems to have made steady progress in her intellectual development. In 1923, when she was still in her early twenties, she published her first book. It was entitled Primitive Stories, Tales and Fables of Africa and America (Prymityvni opovidannia, kazky і baiky Afriky і Ameryky) and was put out by the Ukrainian Sociological Institute then centered in Vienna. The subject matter, of course, was mythology, folklore, and literature and the relationships among them. During these same years, a terrible famine occurred in Ukraine and along the Volga River in Russia. Mykhailo Hrushevsky set up a Famine Relief Committee and gathered funds which he sent to various contacts, especially scholars, in Ukraine. Kateryna became closely involved in this activity and carried on a wide correspondence with various donors. Help came from Ukrainians in Galicia, western Europe, and North America. "In America," wrote 10 ’’НАШЕ ЖИТТЯ”, ВЕРЕСЕНЬ 1998 Видання C оюзу Українок A мерики - перевидано в електронному форматі в 2012 році . A рхів C У A - Ню Йорк , Н . Й . C Ш A.
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