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HEALTH & WELL-BEING By Dr. Maria Motyl SMOKING CAUSES 30% OF CANCER DEATHS Recently the Surgeon General of the U. S. issued a strong indictment of ci garette smoking. At a press conference Dr. C. Everett Koop said that at least 30% of all cancer deaths can be attributed to cigarette smoking. Smoking is not only the major cause of cancer of the lung, larynx, oral cavity and esophagus, but may also contribute significantly to blad der, kidney and pancreatic cancers. Overall cancer death rates are direct ly related to the number of cigarettes smoked — smokers who consumed more than one pack a day are three times as likely to die of cancer as nonsmokers. With the use of two or more packs a day, the risks of developing lung cancer are 15-20 times greater in smokers than in nonsmokers. Since World War II women have begun to smoke in incresing numbers. The report postulated that lung cancer will soon surpass breast cancer as a cause of death among women, (so, you have not come a long way, baby! Just the opposite.) The Surgeon General’s report also examined the effect of smoke on non- smokers, citing three studies: in the U. S., Greece and Japan. Two studies found an elevated incidence of lung cancer in non smoking women whose husbands smoked, but the third study gave equivocal results. Additional work will be centered on this area. Finally, the Surgeon General’s report stated that quitting smoking reduces the risk of cancer dramatically. It also sug gested that anyone wishing to quit smoking do it “cold turkey” rather than gradually tapering down, as the former method appeared to be more effective in the long run. TEST TUBE BABY HELPS INFERTILITY In 1978 medical history was made with the birth of Louise Brown, the first “test tube baby." The method by which Louise Brown was conceived is designed to overcome the inability of some women’s Fallopian tubes to transport to the uterus the egg cell released each month from the ovary. (Fertilization normally occurs en route, as sperm and egg meet in the tube). While this problem is not the major cause of infertility today it is estimated that as many as 500,000 American women are not able to conceive because of this condition. Those who choose to take the “test tube” approach to conception are first treated with a substance that induces maturation of more than one egg cell. A hormone is then administered to control the time, 32 hours later, when the eggs are ready to be removed. Egg removal takes only a few minutes. A hollow needle is inserted througn the abdominal wall and the egg cell is re moved from the surface of the ovary. The egg is then incubated in a special medium in a laboratory dish for several hours. The sperm from the husband is added and after 12-23 hours the egg is examined. If fertilization has occurred, further incubation of the embryo takes place until it has subdivided into 4-8 microscopic cells. The embryo is then blown into the womb through the cervix where it is hoped that it will attach and develop normally. Birth occurs nine months later. Some controversy surrounds this procedure. Since only normally develop ing embryos are inserted into the womb, critics contend that discarding the rest is equivalent to abortion. Nonetheless, the procedure of in vitro fertilization can be very beneficial to many couples unable to conceive. DEPRESSION’S LINK TO GENES STUDIED Approximately 1 to 2% of the U.S. po pulation is annually afflicted by depres sion. University of Rochester doctors have recently confirmed that at least some of these cases may have a genetic base. This is not the first time that a genetic role in depression has been demons trated. It was observed, for example, that if an identical twin suffered from depres sion, there was a 57% chance that the other twin would also, but only a 14% chance if the twins were non-identical or fraternal. Furthermore, it was noted that children who developed depression after adoption proved to have natural parents with an abnormally high rate of such disorders. The studies conducted recently at the University of Rochester analyzed blood samples from victims of depression and members of theirfamilies. Results showed that genes on chromosomes 6 (humans have 22 pairs of chromosomes for general functions and one pair of chromosomes to determine the sex of the person) make a major contribution to susceptibility to depressive illness. They predispose some people to develop it, probably under environmental influence. This finding is particularly interesting as it will allow for the possible early detection of persons at risk of developing depressive illness. In the future, it may be possible to more clearly identify those factors responsible for this susceptibility. Докінчення: СФУЖО будуть переводити наші Церкви в часі Різдвяних свят. Дальшою збіркою є "однодолярова” кампанія, що має обняти всю нашу громаду від наймен шого до найстаршого. Ця кампанія допоможе нам зладити перепис українців, що живуть розкинено по цілому світі. У лютому, березні і квітні буде переводитись головна кампанія серед професіоналістів, підприємств і фінансових установ. Врешті ще слід згадати кампанію записів і збірок з нагоди особливих подій. Представницею СФ УЖ О до цен тральної дирекції Фонду, Екзекутива С Ф УЖ О йменувала Наталію Іванів, референтку суспільної служби. In commemoration of the 10th Anniversary of the death of MARY CHUMA on April 16, 1972, a pioneer member of UNWLA Branch 3, a contribution of $100. is made in her memory by her daughters Rosalie Polche and Natalie Chuma to the "Helen Lototsky Fund." ROSALIE POLCHE UNWLA Branch 72 ’’НАШЕ ЖИТТЯ”, КВІТЕНЬ 1982 23
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