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18 “НАШЕ ЖИТТЯ”, КВІТЕНЬ 2010 The program proposed by the July 1993 Congress was extremel y ambitious. It included plans to set up community libraries, training courses, ecological awareness programs, private day care centers, schools and nursing homes, and programs for identifying gifted children from poor neighbor - hoods, as well as helping Uk rainian women in areas outside Ukraine on territories in the former Soviet Union return to Ukraine or cultivate their cultural heritage. Plans to publish books on folk arts, to prepare museum exhibitions, and to organize art shows , particularly with the d i aspora , were also discussed. Male representatives of the Parliament to the Congress were patronizingly deferential; one noted the peculiarities of the Ukrainian language, in which freedom, democracy, independence are of the feminine gender — “but they must b e upheld by a strong male Will.” 25 The July 1994 meeting held in Ivano - Frankivsk to commemorate the 110th anniversary of the first public meeting of women in Ukraine was even more openly full of symbolic gestures that underscored women's patriotism. 26 Iron ically, the Soviet regime produced the middle class woman ready for volunteer service, but also expecting basic social services guaranteed by the state. The program of the renewed Women ’ s Union reflects the changed nature of this organiza - tion from its int er w ar predecessor. It stresses the cultural and educational programs rather than the modernization of the village . 27 Local branches, however, are increasingly demonstrating a practical approach. Lviv, for instance, developed, since 1996, a joint program wi th the Management Institute for the training of businesswomen , and Kyiv has helped set up the only Center for the Study of Menopause. At first the organization published a four - page regional newspaper every two weeks, Haly - chanka (The Galician Woman), that focused on local news, short fiction, reprints of pre - World War II cooking recipes, and suggestions for beauty care. At the initial 1991 congress, the women decided upon a more professional monthly publication, Ukrainka (The Ukrainian Woman) which seeks t o attract a wider audience. Women ’ s Community (Zhinocha Hromada) The Women ’ s Community (Zhinocha Hromada), initially a part of the democratic Rukh movement, established, in the fall of 1991 , its own independent organization that encompasses an array of wo men ’ s groups in Ukraine, the Russian Federation, and Eastern Europe. It serves as an umbrella organiza - tion for organizations of women of Jewish origin, those of Tatar descent, and of an organization that seeks to provide support for women of the less nume rous ethnic groups (currently headed by a Ukrainian Korean, Svidana Li), as well as the Society of the Mothers of Soldiers and the Society for Mothers of Many Children. Their most effective role is as a political pressure group. The Women ’ s Community organ ized the first International Conference on Women in State Building, which was held in Kyiv from M ay 28 through May 30, 1993. Over 300 women from Ukraine were joined by American, Austrian, German, and Canadian participants. The speakers focused upon the cre ation of conditions that would foster the growth of civic society and on specific measures women should take to ensure the functioning of a democratic state, including lobbying, drafting letters and petitions, and canvassing for party and government work. 2 8 The resolutions were precise and specific, shunning the generally accepted flowery language. Predicting that women would be the first to lose their jobs in the impending unemployment, the Conference resolution drew on Ukraine ’ s commit - ment to enforce pro visions of the United Nations Document to End Discrimination of Women that Soviet Ukraine signed after the Nairobi Conference in 1985 to vouchsafe employment for women. The women also moved into the language of modernity, asking for the drafting of gender - related legislation and that measures be taken to combat covert discrimination , create conditions that would make sexual harassment difficult and eventually illegal, and support the creation of Women ’ s Studies centers at institutions of higher learning. T he second major conference sponsored by the group was held from June 2 through June 5, 1995. It drew on the professional expertise of women from all parts of Ukraine and focused on analyzing political, economic, social , and to a lesser degree, psychologica l aspects affecting the life of women. In contrast to earlier gatherings, where the topics also included a heavy element of history and culture, in this meeting , the women tackled realistically the political and societal problems facing them. This conferen ce helped articulate the issues raised in preparation for the UN Conference in Beijing in August, 1996. In the last year, a number of the most active professional women from this organization have moved in to posts in government administration, and the Comm unity itself is becoming more involved in philanthropic activities. ( To be continued in next month’s issue .) Видання C оюзу Українок A мерики - перевидано в електронному форматі в 2012 році . A рхів C У A - Ню Йорк , Н . Й . C Ш A.
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