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BOOKS N o rto n T. D od ge, W om en in th e S o v ie t E con om y, T h eir R ole in E conom ic, S c ie n tific and T ech n ical D evelop m en t, B a lti m ore, John H opkins P r e ss, 1966 and London, O xford U n iv e r s ity P r e ss, 1967. W om en in th e S o v ie t U n ion c o n stitu te 50% o f th e labor force. W h ile com m u n ist d octrin e em p h a sises th e eq u a lity o f w om en, th e h ig h r a te o f p a rticip a tio n o f w om en in th e labor fo r ce is due to th e econom ic g ro w th o f th e econom y a s a w h o le and sp e c ific sec to rs o f s o v ie t econo m y in p articu lar. I t is also due to th e g o v ern m en t p la n n in g and th e im b alance o f s e x ra tio cau sed b y t h e tw o w orld w ars and th e hard tim e s b etw e en 1920 and 1930 ra th e r th a n b y th e principle o f eq u ality. T h e m a jo r ity o f w om en lack fir s t -r a te in d u stria l sk ills. T h e ed u caton al level, esp ecia lly am on g older w om en is ra th e r low. On th e o th er hand, h ow ever, th e r e is a h ig h p erc en ta g e o f w om en w ho w ork in sem i-p r o fes- sion al and p ro fe ssio n a l occupa tio n s. Child care fa c ilitie s a re in s u f fic ie n t, and v e r y little h a s been done to ea se th e w om an ’s h o u se hold ch ores. I t w ould se e m th a t, in th e lo n g run, th e g o v er n m en t h a s rea lly n o deep in t e r e s t in k e ep in g w om en in in d u str y a s p erm an en t w ork ers. R e cen t tren d s in d ica te t h a t t h e econo m ic and social p ressu re s p u t on w om en a s w ell a s t h e in c e n tiv e s to en cou rage w om en t o w ork are d im in ish in g and h id d en d isc rim i n ation a g a in st w om en a tten d in g a p articu lar co lleg e or s tu d y in g in p articu lar fie ld s is co m in g to th e fo r e. D od ge a lso p o in ts o u t th a t w h ile w om en m a y h a v e no d iffic u ltie s in e n te r in g and su c ceed in g in th e ir w ork, ad van ce m e n t to h ig h p o sitio n s is n o t e a s y b ecau se o f th e ir low er pro d u c tiv ity due t o le s s e r ed u cation and fa m ily d u tie s. T h e book is w ell docum ented b y s ta tis tic a l m a teria l and illu s tr a te d w ith c h a rts and d iagram s. D o d g e’s book a lso h a s i t s w eak p o in ts. T h e au th or sp e n t on ly 4 m o n th s in t h e S o v ie t U n ion w h ile w ork in g on h is research , and th e r e fo r e som e o f h is ob ser v a tio n s m a y seem su p e rficia l to th o se w h o h a v e lived in th e cou n . ry and k now th e con d ition s w ell. A n o th er p o in t w o r th m e n tio n in g is th e f a c t th a t th e au th or stu d ie s prob lem s p e r ta in in g to th e S o v ie t U n ion a s a w hole. C onditions o fte n d iffe r in repub lics and an in te r e ste d U k rain ian sch olar m a y w a n t to stu d y th e fe m a le em p loym en t problem s a s it e x is t s in U k rain e. H .S .P . IN MEMORIAM In 1969 U k rain ian w om en lo s t tw o n oted w om en w h o m ad e im p o rta n t con trib u tion s to th e gro w th and d evelop m en t o f W FUW O . Olena K ononenko w a s one o f th e f i r s t U k rain ian w om en la w y e r s. S h e w a s a n a tiv e o f K h a r k iv w h ere sh e w orked a s a fin a n cial in sp ector and planner. D u r in g th e R u ssia n occup ation o f U k rain e sh e em ig ra ted w ith h er fa m ily to th e W est. S h e lived in B oonton, N . J., w h er e sh e died on J u ly 6, 1969. A s d irector o f th e W FU W O C om m ission o f E c o n o m ic S tu d ies, th e la te O lena K ononen k o conducted valu ab le research on th e s ta tu s o f U k rain ian w om en in th e S o v ie t U k ra in e and in th e W est. * * * O lena C h ek h ivsk a cam e fr o m th e P od ilia r e g io n and liv ed fo r m a n y y e a r s in O dessa and K iev. W ith h er husband, V olod ym yr, sh e w a s a c tiv e in th e re b irth o f th e U k rain ian O rth od ox Church. A s a r e su lt, h er h usb an d w a s sen ten ced b y th e R u ssia n r e g im e to life im p rison m en t and s h e h er s e lf su ffe r e d p ersecu tion . D u rin g th e Second W orld W ar sh e em i gra ted to th e W est. F or m an y y e a r s O lena C he k h iv sk a ser v ed as tr ea su rer o f W FU W O , and la te r b ecam e an h onorary m em b er o f th e o r g a n i zation . S h e died in P h ilad elp h ia on N o vem b er 1 0 ,1 9 6 9 . T w o good ta lk ers . . . n o t w orth one good listen er. FO L K A R T E X H IB IT IN N E W A R K , N . J. T h e U N W L A R egion al Council in N ew ark , N . J. p resen ted an e x h ib it o f U k rain ian fo lk a rt in th e C ity ’s m u seu m d u rin g th e m on th o f March, 1970. A b ou t 150 ob je c ts w ere on d isp lay in 13 ca se s, each w a s labeled w ith an elab or a te d escrip tion . T h e M useum e x p ressed it s th a n k s to M rs. D ora Rak, th e Council’s P re sid en t. T he fo llo w in g le tte r w a s received fro m Mr. Sam uel C. M iller, M u seu m D irector. “T h is is j u s t a n o te th a n k in g you and all th e la d ies o f th e U k rain ian N a tio n a l W om en ’s L eagu e o f A m erica, N e w J e r se y B ranch, fo r th e w ork you did to m ak e th e p rogram o f U k rain ian m u sic and d ance la s t S un d ay th e su cces it w as. M y only r e g r e t is th a t our fa c ilitie s did n o t en ab le us to hand le th e enorm ous crowd. M ay I s a y h ow m u ch th e s t a f f and I ap p reciate th e p a tien ce and u n d erstan d in g w ith w h ich all o f you accep ted th is . P erh ap s, a t a fu tu r e d ate, a re p e a t p erfo rm ance m ig h t be scheduled. A g a in , on b e h a lf o f th e T ru s te e s, m a y I s a y th a t i t h a s been a p lea su re w o rk in g w ith y o u r o r g a n iz a tio n .” PR O JE C T “ G R A N D M O TH E R ” 10 y e a r s a go i t cam e t o our a t te n tio n t h a t th e r e a re eld erly w om en still liv in g in E urope, fo r th e m o st p a rt in pub lic in s t it u tio n s, or r e c e iv in g pub lic a s s is t an ce w h ich is in n o c a se q u ite a d eq uate. T h e se w om en h a v e no fa m ilie s, and lead a lon esom e e x iste n c e . T h e y o fte n fe e l th a t th e w orld h a s fo r g o tte n th em . U N W L A h a s decided to g iv e help w ith a p erson al to u ch . Our B ran ch es h a v e “ad opted ” th e s e w om en — g iv in g th e m n o t on ly fin a n c ia l help, b u t a lso p erson al a tte n tio n . O rigin ally w e h ad 9 adopted “ G ran dm oth ers” ; n ow th e ir num ber h a s grow n to 30. F iv e d ollars a m on th , a le tte r , or m a y b e a su b sc rip tio n t o “Our L ife ,” and y o u r B ran ch m a y h a v e t h e sa tis fa c tio n o f ad op t in g y o u r ow n “G ran dm oth er.” S om e B ran ch es m a y w a n t t o g e t to g e th e r on t h is p ro ject. 22 НАШЕ ЖИТТЯ — КВІТЕНЬ, 1970 Видання C оюзу Українок A мерики - перевидано в електронному форматі в 2012 році . A рхів C У A - Ню Йорк , Н . Й . C Ш A.
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