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V-krainian Aphorisms, from the X h Century to the ХХЯ Century W o r k in g o n a p u b lic a t io n is a h u g e e n d e a v o r, e s p e c ia lly i f the p u b lic a t io n is a n a n t h o lo g y tha t c o v e rs ten centuries. In the ca se o f Ukrainian Aphorisms, from the Xth Century to the XXth Century, the f ir s t v o lu m e in a se rie s o f p u b lic a t io n s o n the th e m e o f “ W o r ld A p h o r is m s , ” the m a g n itu d e o f th e e n d e a v o r is e v id e n t f r o m the f ir s t p a g e o f the b o o k w h e re the m e m b e rs o f the w r it in g te a m are lis te d . H e r e w e f in d Iv a n D r a c h a n d V o l o d y m y r C h e r n ia k , m a in su p e rv is o rs ; R o m a n K o v a l ’ a n d P e tro K o n o n e n k o , a c a d e m ic co n su lta n ts; a n d A n d r ij K o v a l ’ , m a in p r o je c t d ire c to r. T h e p e rs o n re s p o n s ib le f o r h a v in g a r tic u la t e d the essence o f t h is p r o je c t is n o o th e r th a n the v e r y f ir s t p re s id e n t o f in d e p e n d e n t a n d s o v e r e ig n U k r a in e , fo rm e r P r e s id e n t L e o n id K r a v c h u k . T h e E d it o r ia l B o a r d n u m b e rs 2 4 p e o p le , 23 m e n a n d o n e w o m a n , O lg a S tra s h e n k o . T h e c o p y r ig h t is h e ld b y th e O v a l ’ f a m ily , w h i c h w a s in s tru m e n ta l in th e p r o d u c t io n o f th is p u b lic a t io n , p a r t ic u la r ly A n d r y i O v a l ’ ( h is to ria n ) an d R o m a n O v a l ’ (w rite r). T h e g o -a h e a d f o r p u b lic a t io n w a s is s u e d o n J a n u a r y 3, 2 0 0 1 , a n d w a s e n tru ste d to P r o s v it a P u b lis h in g H o u s e in K y i v . T w o w e e k s later, o n J a n u a ry 16, 2 0 0 1 , th e U k r a in ia n M i n i s t r y o f E d u c a t io n s ig n e d a r e c o m m e n d a t io n tha t t h is v o lu m e b e m a d e n o t o n ly a t e x t b o o k to b e u s e d in U k r a in ia n u p p e r d iv is io n h ig h s c h o o l c la s s e s , b u t a ls o a re fe re n c e b o o k to b e u s e d b y a l l te a c h e rs o f U k r a in ia n m id d le s c h o o ls . G iv e n the q u a lit y a n d b re a d th o f th is b o o k , it is the o p in io n o f t h is r e v ie w e r th a t the v o lu m e s h o u ld b e a d o p te d as a t e x tb o o k in a ll U k r a in ia n c o m m u n it y e th n ic s c h o o ls ( R id n a S h k o la ) in the D ia s p o ra . C a n o n e t e ll a b o o k b y its c o v e r o r its illu s t r a t io n s ? S o m e tim e s o n e can. T h is h a rd b o u n d b o o k o f 3 2 0 p a g e s o ffe r s t w o d is t in c t iv e illu s tra tio n s , o n e o n the fro n t c o v e r a n d o n e in s id e the b o o k . T h e p ic tu re o n the f r o n t c o v e r is a c o lla g e re p re s e n tin g the p o rtra its o f the m o s t fa m o u s w r ite r s in the h is t o r y o f U k r a in ia n lite ra tu re . A t th e c e n te r is T a ra s S h e v c h e n k o . H e is s u rro u n d e d b y n u m e ro u s fig u re s. S o m e , l ik e L e s y a U k r a in k a , are f a m ilia r ; o th ers are less f a m ilia r v is u a lly , b u t k n o w n b y repute. O n the b a c k c o v e r is a lis t o f a f e w w e ll- k n o w n a p h o rism s, c le a r ly id e n t ifie d w it h the n a m e s o f t h e ir a u th o rs in an aura o f b lu e a n d y e llo w , the c o lo r s o f U k r a in e . In s id e the b o o k th e re is o n ly o n e illu s t ra t io n , an u n id e n t if ie d lit h o g r a p h i n b la c k a n d w h ite , o f su ch q u a lit y that it is w o r t h r e p r o d u c in g a n d fra m in g . It s h o w s a s c h o la r seated at a t a b le h o ld in g an o p e n b o o k . N e a r b y is a n o te b o o k , a ls o o p e n , a n d an in k s ta n d w it h a q u ill. T h e s c h o la r is s u rro u n d e d b y a ll the letters o f the U k r a in ia n a lp h a b e t, e a c h C y r i l l i c le tte r fra m e d in a sq ua re a n d e n h a n c e d b y a b a c k g r o u n d o f dense and f lo w e r y fo lia g e . B e n e a th t h is v e r y d e lic a te illu s t ra t io n , is an in s c r ip tio n : “ D o n o t c u rs e the d a rk n e ss, b u t lig h t at le a st o n e c a n d le .” T h e re a d e r is in v it e d to f ig h t ig n o r a n c e a n d c o n tr ib u t e at le a st o n e idea. T h e se n te n ce is f o llo w e d b y a l o v e l y ic o n , w h ic h m ir ro r s a n o th e r ic o n o n the b a c k c o v e r. B o t h s h o w a f u l ly o p e n e d b o o k b e h in d a c a n d le th a t p r o v id e s the lig h t n e c e s s a ry to rea d it, f o llo w e d b y the w o rd s “ F ia t L u x ! ” o r “ L e t there be L ig h t ! ” Ukrainian Aphorisms p r o m is e s o v e r 3 ,5 0 0 c o n tr ib u t io n s b y 100 a u th o rs. It c o n ta in s a b r i e f in tr o d u c t io n o n the t o p ic o f a p h o ris m s b y fo rm e r P r e s id e n t L e o n id K r a v c h u k , f o llo w e d b y a le n g th y and v e r y th o ro u g h d is c u s s io n b y P r o fe s s o r V a s y l ’ S k u r a t iv s ’ k y i o n “ W h a t is a n a p h o ris m ? A n d h o w ca n i t e n lig h t e n u s ? ” T h e t e rm “ a p h o ris m ” is a rath e r s o p h is tic a te d w o r d f o r w h ic h o n e c a n f in d m a n y e q u iv a le n ts o r s y n o n y m s , the m o s t c o m m o n a m o n g th e m b e in g " s a y in g ," o r " q u o ta tio n ," a n d in the ca se o f a le n g t h y q u o ta tio n , "e x c e rp t." O th e r, le ss c o m m o n s y n o n y m s , su c h as, "a d a g e ," " a x io m , " " d ic tu m ," and " m o tto " , c a n a ls o b e u se d . A fa m o u s e x a m p le o f a m o tto is the o n e c o in e d b y U k r a in e ’ s n a tio n a l poet, T a ra s S h e v c h e n k o (1 8 1 4 -1 8 6 1 ): " B o r ite s ia - P o b o re te ! " w h ic h m e a n s " F ig h t a n d y o u s h a ll o v e rc o m e !"
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