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32 WWW. UNWLA.ORG “НАШЕ ЖИТТЯ”, КВІТЕНЬ 2013 Metabolic Syndrome by Ihor Magun, MD, FACP A specific constel lation of findings provide us with compelling evidence to initiate changes for the prevention of cardiovascular disease and diabetes. These findings come under the heading o f the metabolic syndrome, also referred to as Synd rome X or dysmetabolic syndrome. Fi ve m a- jor issues fall un der this definition and , as one would expect, the more issues you have , the greater the risk. As is the case with many medical sy n- dromes, genetic and environmental factors play a role. Family history of heart disease, diabetes , and hypertension are all examples of common genetic issues. Environmental factors include in - activity, progressive weight gain , and poor diet . The five risk factors are: ● Waist circumference: greater than 35 inches in women and 40 inches in men. ● Elevated le vels of a fatty substance in the blood referred t o as triglycerides. Triglycerides levels equ al to or greater than 150 mg/dL are consi d- ered elevated. ● Reduced HDL (High Density Lipoprotein) — the "good" cholesterol: less than 50 mg/d L in wo m- en and less than 40 mg/dL in men. ● Elevated blood pressure: equal to or greater than 130/85 mm HG ( or use of medication for hypertension ). ● Elevated fasting sugar (glucose): equal to or greater than 100 mg/dL ( or use of medications for elevated sugar levels ). Metabolic syndrome increases with age and there are many ways to begin to address the issues. First and foremost, have regular medical evaluations that measure the aforementioned fa c- tors. Screening for diabetes — tests for glucose and l ipid parameters (trigl ycerides) — is done quite often as part of a routine physical examination. Note that cholesterol is not the lipid parameter of choice in this syndrome, although it is an i m- portant test for everyone. For issues of blood pressure, many ind i- viduals will ne ed to initiate medications and r e- duce their salt intake. Instead of salt, use a variety of spices , like fresh herbs and no - salt seaso n- ings. Losing five to ten percent of your weight will not only affect your blood pressure but also help bring down higher t han normal sugar levels. F o- cus on decreasing your carbohydrate intake , es p e- cially as the day progresses. In other words, co n- sume carbohydrates (bread, pasta, potatoes, rice , etc.) earlier in the day so that they burn off and do not add to your waist line. Eat plenty of fiber - rich foods , which can lower insulin levels and help ward off diabetes. A word about diabetes. The World Health Organization defined diabetes as a single raised glucose reading with symptoms (excessive thirst, weight loss, frequent u rination) or raised values on two occasions of 126 mg/dL or more on a fas t- ing specimen. A random blood glucose of greater than 200 mg/dL with associated symptoms (as above) is also consistent with diabetes. A test that measure s the glucose over the past ninety days, ref erred to as the hemoglobin A1C, has its a d- vantages and can be incorporated as par t of the screening process. This test is more costly but does not require any fasting , and it is easy to do. It can be helpful in predicting early diabetes a nd in monitoring changes initiated with weight loss or with medications. It is evident that there are still many ind i- viduals who are not aware of having the metabolic syndrome. Obesity is at an all - time high , and d e- spite all the emphasis on healthy eating, exercise recommendations , and other helpful advice, many of us have yet to develop healthier habits . Let us all make a sincere attempt to r e- duce some of the risk factors by changing our lif e- style. Work with your family, or get a buddy to keep yo u on track. Be the fir st to initiate changes. Follow the Mediterranean diet , which focuses on lean meat s, fish, fruit, fiber, and olive oil. It is a diet that has been proven to work on many levels. Prevent this syndrome by addressing all the i s- sue s and make a healthy lifestyle your new , pe r- manent way of life . Гумор – Що нащі дівчата роблять? – Шиють і співають. – А мама? – Порють і плачуть. – Мій тато цілу зиму ходить без шапки, такий загартований, – хва литься хлопчик. – Овва, – відказує другий, – а мій тато ходить без волосся на голові.
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