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“НАШЕ ЖИТТЯ”, ВЕРЕСЕНЬ 201 2 WWW. UNWLA.ORG 19 Ukrainian Woven Rugs aka Kilims aka Kilyms aka Kylyms Viewing the current exhibit of the magn i- ficent and diverse Ukrainian kilims at t he Ukrain - ian Museum in NYC, I remembered the auction in April of 1981 that sparked my interest and i n- itiated my research into Ukrainian rugs. The au c- tion took place at John C. Edelmann Galleries in New York City, which specialized in rare rugs, t a- pestries , and t extiles. I was surprised to note that one of the featured rugs was a rare Ukrainian rug, 7’9” x 5 ‘3”, from the late 19 th c entury; the wi n- ning bid was $3,250.00. During my subsequent research into k i- lims , every new discovery opened my eyes to our rich heritage and the artist ic talents of Ukrainian people. I shared my knowledge with a Connect i- cut historical society, several women’s organiz a- tions, and lectured at Ukrainian Cultural Studies camps at Soyuzivka in the 1980s. Historical sources vary: some state that the weavings wer e imported from Byzantium to Kyiv, o thers note that the Pecheniks, Polovtsi, Turks, Berendii , and other nomadic pe oples used wool for weaving and brought the art with them when they settled in Ukraine. Sergei I. Rudenko’s expedition in 1947 - 1949 to Pazyryk Valley burial mounds found kno t- ted pile rugs and confirmed that the art of rug weaving/knotting dates back to the 5 th century BC. Kilims were utilized in princely courts as indication of unity at important meetings, as chair covers; also for funeral rituals. The oldest written refe rence t o kilims dates back to 997, describing the custom at the funeral of the Derevlyanian Prince Oleh when his body “was placed on a kilym . ” There are references to the same ritual being performed in 1015 and in 1097, during the funeral ceremonies of Pri nce Volodymyr and Prince Vasylko respectively. In 1100, at a meeting of royal princes in Vitachev, Volodymyr Monomakh said to Prince David Ihorevych: “You have come and are sitting with your brother on one rug.” During the 15 th c entury, rugs were shippe d from the East to Western Europe through Ukraine , and Ukraine became a rug trade center. Rugs were frequently mentioned in various do c- uments, such as wills, court proceedings , and i n- ventories . For example, 1547 Prince Fedir Sangushko’s will included a kili m among his bequests to his wife ; 1578 p art of Maria Holshtanska’s dowry i n- cluded two serf weavers, Yurko and Fedir ; 1578 Zhydychyn Monastery in Volyn list ed 10 kili ms among its inventory . Before 1692, Kyi v’s Pecherska Lav ra had a workshop producing kotsy with k ilim ornament a- tions. Beginning in the 18 th c entury, a number of kili m workshops were fo unded in Korsun, Makh - niv ka, Nemy riv, Tulchyna, Yanush pil, Zalivtsy , and L ' viv. Popularity of k ili ms continued to spread, and they often replaced eastern silk tapestries and Persian rugs. K ili ms were often depicted as bac k- ground in paintings. In 1888, Volodyslav Fedorovych founded a kili m school in Vikno, the Ivano - Frankivsk r e- gion. In 1905 , Bohdan Khanenko, a wealthy i n- dustrialist and art collector, organized a weaving cottage industry in Olenivka, the Donetsk region. PHILADELPHIA REGIONA L COUNCIL MEMBERS - AT - LARGE 43 S TEFANIYA B EDNARSKA A NNETTE O GRODNIK C ORONA 88 V ERA C HAJKOWSKY D UTTON M ARTA P ANASIUK D ELGOBBO BRANCHES - AT - LARGE M ARIA D UBAS 56 P ATRICIA H ELEN Z ALIZKO C HARITA P ETRINA 78 T ETIANA P OLIANSKA C HRYSTIA S ONEVYTSKY 10 7 V ERA V IZIR
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