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UKRAINIAN WOMAN OUR ENGLISH COLUMN WHAT POSITION HAS BEEN GAINED BY WOMAN IN USSR The woman in UjSSR has been officially made equal with the man in every respect. One might presume that both men and wom en would have equal possibilities to work and progress. However, the statistics o»f 1926 sihow that out of the numiber of women em ployed by the Soviet government, 51.5% were laborers, servants, chambermaids and cooks, 14.8% low paid office personnel, and 33.7% skilled workers in more or less responsible positions. From 1926 up to now extensive shiftinigs took place. The above mentioned industrialization of the country drew large -masses of women into gainful employment. Moreover, the Ukrainian woman having foud out that there had been no protection for women workers, but exploitation by the state capitalism, was trying hard rather to fortify herself with skilled trade. Very many young girls studied in trade schools. The report of March 8, 1953, states that there were at that time 249,- 000 girls in the colkiges of Uk raine. At that time there were in Ukraine 207,000 women teachers, 45,000 women physicians 10,000 agronomists and veterinaries, 60,- 000 assistant-surgeons and nurs es. Out of -experts- college gradu ates 45% are women. These figures prove that the Ukrainian woman, being unable to express herself freely in social life or to find the understanding for her biological and educational functions within the society, had to enter into professional life. Here she attained the prominent position as a specialist and as such played an outstanding part in the life of the land. The relation of the woman’s earn ings with that of the man Nominally the women in USSR possesses equal rights with the man, yet the equalization of earn ings is not standardized. In 192425 the “Narkomfin” (people's commissariat of fin ance) regulated the salaries in the governmental departments, makirug no discrimination be tween men and women. However, the salaries had been as follows: The average monthly salary of a worker: 1924 1925 1926 1927 Men 44.5 46.9 60.9 75.1 Women 24.6 29.6 43.4 45.7 Since then great changes took place. The first stage leading to this change was the transition to piece-work instead of the time worked. This change encompass ed not only the industry but also The Ukrainian Catholic Wom en’s League in Canada possesses a lands many objects of their folk lore, like garments and embroid ery. They are now colecting these articles so as to preserve them and to make them known to wid er circles. The League of Ukrainian Cath olic Women in Canada possesses a largje collection of •embroidery, carpets, wood-carving and cera mics. In Edmonton, Alberta, the League arranged this collection in several rooms and opened it to the visitors. the agriculture, and began even to penetrate the governmental of fices (e.ig. the Soviet authorities began in 1939 to determine the earnings of a typist in accordance with the number of typewritten pages of paper). This reform again proved op pressive to the woman worker. There is no difference in treat ment of men and women in indus try and agriculture. There are tractor drivers, on combines, those loading and unloading, as well as feeding cattle. This is be ing done because of lack of men workers. In addition, there are no established rates for the labor of man and woman. The noms in ag riculture, formulated in 1933, have been ever changed, with the ob ject to get more and more from the labor of the collective worker. Therefore the wages in principle are equal for men and women, re gardless of the fact that the wom an is bound to put more effort and is more worn out by exertion than the man. The effects of this ex haustion of the women were al ready mentioned in this article. The Ukrainian National Wom en's League of America, which also has a fine collection of items of Ukrainian folk-art, is likewise .planning to set up in the ihome of t'heir own at P;hіlaclelfp'hia a per manent display of these beautiful ornamental objects. A special Mus-eum Committee has been recently formed under the guidance of Mrs. Stephanie Pushkar. UKRAINIAN WOMEN'S ORGANI ZATIONS ESTABLISH MUSEUMS
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