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M rs. W alter D ushnyck, .a m em b er of th e N atio n al A dviso ry C om m ittee fo r th e R e-ele ctio n of th e P re sid e n t — b eing g reeted by M rs. R ich ard N ix on an d M rs. D w igh t D. E isen h o w er a t n W hite H ouse recep tio n h o n o rin g th e C om m ittee m em bers. M rs. D ush n y k is ch airm an of th e P u b lic R e latio n s C om m ittee of UNW LA. in clu d in g th e B ible an d m a n u sc rip ts of h is w ritin g s. W h en h e fe lt d e a th a p p ro ach in g , h e cam e to a frie n d ’s hom e, show ed h im w h ere h e w a n te d to be b u ried , d u g a w hole th e re , cam e in to th e house, laid dow n on a bed an d died. In h is w ill h e ask ed t h a t th e follow ing w ords be in scrib ed on h is to m b : “T he w orld w as e n sn a rin g m e, b u t did n o t c a p tu re m e.” S k o v o ro d a’s p h ilo so p h y w as a th e o re tic a l in te rp re ta tio n o f life. H e p re a c h e d th e w ay h e lived, an d th is k in d of p h iolosophy m ay be m o re in flu e n tia l th a n m an y volum ed w orks. Skovoroda claim ed t h a t all m en seek h ap p in ess b u t all a re u n h ap p y . H ap p in ess is possible an d easily a tta in a b le if one seek s it in th e r ig h t w ay. P eople c an n o t fin d h ap p in ess becau se o f th e ir m a n y c o n flictin g d esires. Sko vo ro d a said t h a t one m u s t le a rn all ab o u t oneself — “ K now t h y s e lf!” an d th e n h e w ill fin d c o n te n tm e n t, t r u t h an d a cq u ire h ap p in ess. H e explained f u r th e r in h is w o rk s t h a t th e w orld co n sists of tw o p a r ts — th e w orld w e see an d th e w orld w e do n o t see. T h e w orld w e see c o n sists of all th e cre a tio n s, and th e w orld w e do n o t see is God. T h is u n seen w orld is inside all th e creatio n s. J u s t as n a tu re co n sists o f th e seen an d unseen, a h u m a n b e in g can also be divided in to tw o p a rts . T h e body w h ich is seen an d th e s p irit or soul w h ich is u nseen. T h is u n seen p a r t o f th e h u m a n b ein g S kovoroda calls th e re a l th e tr u e p erso n . W h en S kovoro d a said “K now th y s e lf” h e m e a n t to know th e re a l in n e r b ein g of oneself. I f m an is only concerned ab o u t h is o u te r p a r t th e n h e is like th e d an cer w ho w o rries ab o u t th e b o o ts an d n o t th e fe e t. Once a p erso n know s h im se lf h e w ill do th in g s acco rd in g to h is n a tu re , in clin atio n , n a tu ra l ab il ity an d w ill live in accordance w ith th e n a tu ra l law . T h is w ay o f life w ill b rin g h im h ap p in ess. S kovoroda also h a d v e ry o ri g in al opinion a b o u t th e Bible. F o r h im th e B ible w as a g re a t p o etic w o rk w hich, u n d e r its o u t e r covers of flo rid lan g u a g e an d sym bolism , h id g re a t g ra in s of tr u th . H e fe lt t h a t if w e ta k e th e B ible sto rie s lite ra lly w e w ill v e ry o fte n m isu n d e rsta n d th em . T h is is b ecau se w e do n o t fu lly u n d e rsta n d th e sy m b o lism of th e Bible. S k o v o ro d a devoted a g re a t p a r t of h is life to d e cy p h erin g th e sym bolism of th e B ible. H e also h a d a v e ry in te re s tin g th e o ry of ed u catio n . F o r h im th e m o st im p o rta n t th in g w as to le a rn ab o u t th e n a tu re o f th e child and te a c h ch ild ren in h a r m ony w ith th e ir n a tu ra l in c lin a tio n s n o t a g a in s t it. S kovoroda also w ro te fab les in w h ich he stre sse d th e g re a t v alu es th a t lie in th e in n e r p e r son an d n o t in h is o u te r rich es, title s or ex p en siv e clothes. In h is p o e try h e s tre s s e d th e g re a t value o f p e rso n a l an d so cial freed o m . S kovoroda w as a g re a t w o r sh ip p e r of m an no m a tte r on w h a t social scale h e m ig h t h av e been. H e spoke o u t fo r in d iv id u alism a t a tim e w h en h u m a n in d iv id u a lity w as tra m p le d on and kicked b y th e c z a r’s boot. A t th e tim e w h en C a th e rin e th e G re a t w as g iv in g o u t o rd ers n o t to ed u cate th e m asses, S k o v o ro d a w e n t aro u n d th e v illag es an d ta u g h t th e m asses to th in k , to q u estio n , to discuss. H e trie d to in still selfre lia n c e in th e m . S kovoroda h a s been g iv en m an y n am es — th e w a n d e rin g p h ilo so p h er, p h ilo so p h er of th e people, U k ra in ia n S o crates an d m an y o th e rs. A ll o f th e se can be rig h tly applied to him , b u t m o st of all h e w as a te a c h e r o f th e U k ra in ia n people and fro m h is te a c h in g s w e can an d m u s t learn . L. W. A leader s e e s th in g s th rou gh th e e y e s o f h is fo llo w ers. A lead er p u ts h im se lf in th eir sh o es, and h elp s th em m ak e th eir d ream s com e-tru e. НАШЕ ЖИТТЯ — ГРУДЕНЬ, 1972 27
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