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A WOMAN’S HEALTH AND THE PROBLEM OF UKRAINIAN REBIRTH DR. ZO R ESLA VA S H K IR IA K -N YZN YK In the concern with the varying and complex aspects surrounding the national rebirth of Ukraine, we cannot bypass the very important issue of the biological RE BIRTH in terms of quality and quantity. This problem is not only a crucial one, but the procrastination of its resolution places the very existence of our nation in a dangerous situation which can lead to the irreversible depletion of the gene pool, to the somatic and intellectual degeneration, to extinction. The birth rate is continually declining. In 1985 the statistics showed a 15.3 percent rate for each 1000 people; in 1987 it was 14.8 percent; in 1990 — 13.2 percent; on 1/1/91 — 12.7 percent, the lowest in the Soviet Union. In keeping with the decline, the coefficient factor of pregnancy in women of childbearing years has been reduced. Ten years ago statistics showed 70 births per 1000 women in the ages of 15 to 49. In 1988 there were 59, in 1989 — 55, and in 1990 only 51. It is more frightening still to realize that at the same time the overall death rate is on the increase. At the beginning of last year it was 11.6 percent per 1000 individuals, and today it is 12.1 percent, which is about twice that of countries in Western Europe, Canada and Japan. In this configuration there is almost no quantita tive growth of the population. In the last ten years the natural increase in the population showed 4.4 percent for each 1000 persons; in 1990 — 0.6 percent (it was 8.7 percent in the Soviet Union in general). In effect on January 1, 1992 a negative increase was recorded —0.4 percent, meaning that in a year 40,000 more people die than are born. We have here an unheard of situation where in 12 districts of Ukraine the population has stopped re generating itself. In rural, farming areas throughout the republic, where the population, as we know, is mainly composed of Ukrainians, the death rate is higher than the birth rate. Ukraine is already poised on that ca tastrophic course of biological termination which leads to extinction and the disappearance of a nation. We know that it is the woman who basically assures the continuity of generations. The transition from one generation to the next and the standards of changes within the generations are secured through the health of the woman and the children she bears. Her health not only reflects the common characteristics inherent in the biological and societal plan working to regenerate that particular society, but is evident in the social, political, economic and historical situations of societies in general. The declining health of women can be traced to suppressed opportunities for motherhood. Here we can find serious causes which lead to this biologically critical situation. There are more than 27 million women in Ukraine, with 12.4 million being in the childbearing years. Close to 11 million are engaged in the national service industry. Women in Ukraine make up 52 percent 20 "НАШЕ ЖИТТЯ”, ЖОВТЕНЬ 1992 Д-р Зорвслава Ш кіряк-Нижник. Dr. Zoreslava Shkiriak-Nyzhnyk. Фото Марти Ломаґи. Видання C оюзу Українок A мерики - перевидано в електронному форматі в 2012 році . A рхів C У A - Ню Йорк , Н . Й . C Ш A.
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