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UKRAINIAN WORLD Г - П I f . c o n g r e s s taster Breakfast The manifesto of the Pan- American Ukrainian Conference made it official on January 20, 1967: the World Congress of Free Ukrainians will be held in November in New York City. This Congress, called on the 50th anniversary of the Ukrain ian national revolution, will re flect the thinking and the ideas of our community Churches and delegates of Ukrainian central representative organizations in the Free World, as well as repre sentatives of Ukrainian political parties and many American and foreign friends. At long last Ukrainians will have the opportunity to mani fest their unity, to voice their desire to be free of Moscow’s tyranny, and to renew and strengthen the struggle for in dependence. The manifesto of the Pan-American Conference expresses it best by stating that “the will and desire of the Uk rainian people to be m asters in their own, free, and sovereign land remains unshaken.” Ukrainian women are deeply interested in this event. The World Federation of Ukrainian Women’s Organizations (WFU- WO) is planning a special ses sion during the Congress. It is up to us to prepare for it by dis cussing beforehand the ideas we would like to submit, by choos ing our representatives, and by preparing for the financial ex penses which will be required. Because the Congress will be held in the United States we will have the opportunity to serve as hostesses to many Ukrainians from other countries who will be attending the Congress. To put our best foot forward, we must begin our preparations for the Congress today. Two good talkers . . . not worth one good listener. C hinese Proverb For many Ukrainian families the Easter breakfast has lost its significance. The only remaining attraction seems to lie in the somewhat unusual foods, which, to add to the interest, are blessed in church. For our ances tors, however, the Easter break fast was a revered family tradi tion. Just as the Christmas Eve supper united the entire family in a spirit of solemnity, so the Easter breakfast was a major family event. The food was blessed, and old folk customs and beliefs added to the signi ficance. Traditionally, te Easter foods consisted of the “paska” or “Babka” (Easter bread), ham or sausage, cheese, butter, and a few eggs. These were basic foods which were found in every Easter basket, but other foods also found their way into the Easter menu: cheese “paskas,” cheese cakes, roast suckling pigs, tortes, and other delicacies as well. The foods were taken to church to be blessed in baskets. In the mountains these were made from thin strips of wood, while everywhere else they were made from reeds. The baskets served one purpose only and were not used at any other time during the year. The basket was lined with an embroidered cloth or towel, which was later care fully wrapped around the food. The basket was uncovered only for the priest’s blessing. When the m aster and mistress of the household returned home with the blessed food, they first carried it around the entire househould. The food was then brought into the house, all the members of the family stood up, and the mistress lighted the ceremonial candle. The m aster greeted the family with the tra ditional “Christ is Risen,” and was answered in turn “Indeed, He is Risen”. Then the m aster carried the basket with the blessed food through every room of the house in order to impart a festive air to the entire house. When he returned to the dining room, he touched the forehead of each child with the basket before placing it on the table. The mistress then uncovered the basket and placed the food on the table. This was the signal for the entire family to sit down at the table, with the father and moth er in the place of honor. Even in fants were brought to the table, for this was a special occasion. A place was left for the deceased of the family, for it was believed that they visited the household at this time. After prayer, the father sliced the blessed eggs into as many quarters as there were members in the family. Taking the first quarter he invited each family member to take a portion, greet ing each with the Easter greet ing. He was answered in turn as each member of the family partook of the blessed egg. Then the mother cut the “paska” and served each family member. Next the father poured himself a drink and toasted the dead souls. The mother and grown children joined in the toast. The other breakfast foods were then served in turn, and the break fast progressed solemnly. Leftovers from the meal were never thrown out as were ordi nary leftovers. They were either fed to the cattle or buried in the garden to bless the ground. This was motivated by a profound be lief in the power of blessed food. We, too, can make Easter breakfast a happy and festive occasion if we only realize its special significance for our selves and our family. This fam- НАШЕ ЖИТТЯ — БЕРЕЗЕНЬ, 1967 19
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