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Ukrainian Folk Art I t is said th a t in te rio r deco ra tio n b eg an w h en som e unknow n g en iu s p a in te d an an im al on th e w all of h is cave. Since th a t tim e, each p eriod an d each c o u n try h a s c o n trib u te d so m e th in g to our hom es. If w e ta k e th e tro u b le to look in to U k ra in ia n a n c e stry , we w ill fin d th e re a sto re h o u se of tre a s u re s y e t u n discovered by hom e d eco rato rs. T he love of o rn a m e n t and b e a u ty th a t rev eals its e lf in te n se ly in ev ery sp h e re of life th a t p e n e tra te s th a t life, is one o f th e c h a ra c te ris tic fe a tu re s of th e U k ra in ia n people. T he p a s t life th a t m ad e fo r p re se rv a tio n an d c o n tin u ity of th e m o ral in d i v id u a lity o f m asses, re su lte d in th e c re a tio n of a n a tio n a l a r t th a t re a c h ed in its m a n ife sta tio n th e h ig h levels o f p erfe c tio n . I t m a y be tru ly said, th e U k ra in ia n s a re an a rtis tic race, h ig h ly g ifte d an d w ith a stro n g le a n in g to w a rd s b e a u ty . T he life of th e U k ra in ia n p e a sa n t p re serv ed m uch of th e individual, h ig h ly a rtis tic an d stro n g c h a r a c te ristic s of th e sp iritu a l p e r so n a lity of th e U k ra in ia n race. W hile th e u p p e r classes of U k ra in ia n co m m u n ity fo rg o t w h a te v e r th e y p o ssessed o f th e ir ow n in th e field of a r t and lived in su rro u n d in g s b o rro w ed fro m th e w est, th e p e a s a n t folk clung to th e ir ow n n a tio n a l a rt. M any asp ec ts o f life in flu en ce a coun t r y ’s social an d econom ic condi tio n s. T he sad h is to ry o f th e U k ra in e is fu ll o f re c o rd s of an u n eq u al stru g g le fo r p re se rv in g th e n a tio n a l in d iv id u a lity of its civilization an d relig io n a g a in s t th e p re s su re of enem ies on all sides. Such a s ta te o f a ffa irs could n o t help b u t be re fle c te d in th e n a tio n a l a r t of th e people. F o lk a r t as w ell as e v e ry th in g else su ffe re d . T h e so-called u p p e r classes, th o se liv in g in c ities an d in flu enced b y o th e r su rro u n d in g s, b e g a n to lose c o n ta c t w ith th e ir ow n folk a r t. T h e dem an d fo r ob je c ts o f a d o rn m e n t b e g an to be sa tis fie d now w ith fa c to ry -m a d e a rtic le s w hich w ere quickly a d ap te d to th e ir re q u ire m e n ts, r a th e r th a n w ith th e cre a tio n s of th e p e a s a n t’s ow n a rtis tic fa n c y as w as th e case p reviou sly. T he decline of ta s te an d th e floo ding of th e v illages w ith fa c to ry -m a d e goods g ra d u a lly caused a t f ir s t a ch an g e fo r th e w orse in th e p ro d u ctio n s of th e people’s a r t, an d th e n th e to ta l d isa p p e ara n ce of th a t a r t. C ities g ra d u a lly b eg an to lose th e ir n a tio n a l c h a ra c te ris tic s an d so it w as only in places f a r rem ov ed fro m th e v a n itie s of m o dern life, u n d e r th e th a tc h e d ro o fs of th e p e a sa n t houses, th a t U k ra in ia n a r t still fo u n d h o sp ita lity . U n til re c e n tly , little s a tis fa c tio n h a s been given to th e stu d y of th is n a tio n a l a r t of th e p a s t an d th e fa c t is th e m ore re g re t tab le , w hen w e know th a t m an y valu ab le specim ens, w h ich could be fo u n d in g re a t n u m b e rs a s h o rt tim e ago, h av e now d is ap p eared . I t w as only a t th e b e g in n in g of th e p re s e n t c e n tu ry th a t th e re a l w o rk of s tu d y of U k ra in ia n a r t com m enced w ith th e collecting o f specim ens in th e la rg e r c e n te rs in th e U k ra in e as K iev, P o lta v a , C h ern ih iw an d o th ers. A re c e n t c o n trib u tio n on th e A m erican side, h a s been th e book e n title d “U k ra in ia n A r t” and p u b lish ed b y a g ro u p o f yo u n g A m erican s w ho, an x io u s to e x plore th e tre a s u re s o f th e ir h e ri tag e , pro duced a n in v aluab le book w hich w as a g re a t success as it p a rtic u la rly a ro u sed th e in te r e s t o f C an ad ian s an d A m e ri cans of n o n -U k ra in ia n descent. T h ere a re still m an y p ossibi litie s fo r th e s tu d y o f th is a r t an d fo r m a k in g o b serv atio n s on it as on a liv in g th in g . A side fro m b ein g h ig h ly in te re s tin g as a b ra n c h of th e w o rld’s a r t, th e a r tis tic p ro d u ctio n s o f th e U k ra in ia n p e a sa n t p re se n ts a special a ttra c tio n fo r th e s tu d e n t as th e only su rv iv in g re m n a n t of th e w hole U k ra in ia n a r t w hich flo u rish e d v ig o ro u sly in fo rm e r tim e s in all classes of th e U k ra i n ia n com m u nity. F o lk a r t is one of th e m o st vivid ex p ressio n s o f a c o u n try ’s soul. L e t us p re se rv e it. Emily Ostapchuk НАШЕ ЖИТТЯ — ГРУДЕНЬ, 1963 19 Many objects of Ukrainian folk art can be used in a modern home.
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