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was marching abreast of him striving for the realization of the national ideal — the restoration of independent Ukrainian state. This inveterate political -credo of the Ukrainian .p-eoipile impressed its mark on all Ukrainian wom en’s actions during the pa sit 70 years. It has been their guiding lighlt and is s*t|ill shedding its bright rays. In the course o>f the World War I the Ukrainian woman justified her devotion to her lofty princi ples by voluntarily taking part in active struggle for freedom of Ukraine. She proved her hero ism, her freedom-loving endeav or. The Ukrainian women were joining the Ukrainian Sitch Le gion, within the Austrian army, and afterwards the Ukrainian in surgent detachments in Central Ukraine which had already been fighting against communist ag gressors. They likewise were ser ving in the Ukrainian- Red Cross. In public life as parliamentar ians' the Ukrainian women ap peared for the first time when 11 women had been elected to the Ukrainian parliament (Ukrainian Central Rada) in Kiev in 1917, at the time of restoration of Ukrain ian statehood during revolution that spread all over former Rus sian empire. Prominent Ukrain ian women leaders, like Sophia Russova, Zinaida Mirna and Lud- mi 1 a Sit a r і tsk a -Che r nyakhivska, were taking active part in the re construction of the independent Ukrainian nation, especially in the sphere of education and welfare. After the reborn Ukrainian na tion had again been invaded by Russia, Poland and Rumania, the Ukrainian women turned their at tention to education, schools and art for these were the only spheres (that under bolshevik ty ranny could still to some extent, b e utilized by freedom-lo ving patriotic men and women. In West Ukraine, under Poland, there still 1 was a chance to strug gle for some measure of freedom of action- There remained a strong women’s organization, the Ukr. Women's Ass’n, writh all its branches throughout the pro vince and its publications, as well as other similar organizations. In West Ukraine the voters elected Mrs. Olena Kisilev'ska, now of Ottawa, Canada, to the senate and Mrs. Milena Rudnit- ska to the diet at Warsaw where they were trying their best de fending the oppressed Ukrainian people. Still as a reaction to Po lish invasion Oif West Ukraine and to continued persecution the underground organizations ap peared. The Polish government was trying to defeat the under ground forces by tyrannic meas ures. Mrs. Olga Basarab, a young Ukrainian patriot, a college grad uate, fell victim to vindictive Po lish barbarism. The Polish police at bwiv tortured and killed her in February 1924. A different role was played by Ukrainian women who fled their native land in 1920 after it had been overrun by Russian bolslhe- viki. They emigrated to the West where thy came into contact with international women’s organiza tions. They participated in the conferences of the International Council of Women at Oslo in 1920 and at Washington, D. C., дп 1925, of the International Wom en’s Alliance in Geneva, Rome, Paris and Berlin, as well as of the Women’s Irnternational Le agu e for'Peace and Freedom at Vienna and Prague. The Ukrainian womanhood in emigration, notably in North Am erica, made extensive contribu tions to the cause of struggle for freedom of Ukraine. As a good example let us mention the Uk rainian National Women’s League of America, founded in 1925, which together with its branches, contributed up to 1948 more than $250,000 toward Ukrainian caus es here and abroad, and has ever since been readily responding to all patriotic appeals. There are currently also other Ukrainian women’s organizations in United States, Canada and South America which were aug mented and enlivened by the in flux of new Ukrainian political immigrants who esicaped from the Soviet occupied Ukrainian terri tories, at first to Western Eiurope and subsequently they wer per mitted to resettle in North and South America, as well as in Au stralia. The Ukrainian women that re mained behind the Iron Curtain, continue their struggle against; the bolshevik occupants mostly through passive resistance to the enemy’s domination. Yet there have been many Ukrainian wo men who have gone underground to fight actively and desperately against bolshevism. Kremlin realizes the strength of the Ukrainian woman in her native country, hence the bolshe vik occupants are trying their best to weaken her so as to ren der her unable to continue the struggle of freedom o-f Ukraine. The latest bolshevist invention for that purpose is to resettle the young Ukrainian women in Asia, namely in Kazakhstan whereto they are being shipped by force in large numbers to till the virgin soil and to reclaim it for Red Russia. The Ukrainian women all over the Free World are organized through their national associa tions into one universal federa tion, the World Federation o-f Uk rainian Women’s Organizations which toigether with all its affili ations holds high over the lands and seas its flag of freedom and independence for Ukraine. N. P. STUDY DAY OF MMM The first Study Day of the World Movement of Mothers will be held at Bonn, Germany, on Oc tober 13. Its theme will be "The young mother and the economic life.” Varied aspects of life and problems of young mothers will be reviewed. The National Com- miitteesi of MMM have prepared, after an inquiry into the subject, the material which will help to expound the matter. The Ukrainian National Com mittee of MMM, affiliated with the World Federation of Ukrain ian Women’s Organizations (WFUWO) assigned two repre sentatives — Mrs. Maria Toma- shivsky and Mrs. Alexandra Boy ko. They have collected consider able material on young Ukrainian mothers in emigration. Видання C оюзу Українок A мерики - перевидано в електронному форматі в 2012 році . A рхів C У A - Ню Йорк , Н . Й . C Ш A.
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