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18 “НАШЕ ЖИТТЯ”, ЧЕРВЕНЬ 2010 Rada show no inclination in this direction. Women themselves realize the limitations o f quota policies: Quotas are merely a means to include women in the formulation and implementation of government policies in accordance with the stipulations of inter - national standards. It is extremely important that women themselves be prepared for such work, feel the inevitability of their active participation in political and societal life of the country. And for that we need evidence of a targeted plan toward [the so - called] “woman question” and its support by the mass media. 52 Professional women see discourse on women's political and social issues as one way toward effective adjustment of gender relations. The handsome booklet Ukraine prepared for the Beijing conference had the obligatory historical introduction of Ukrainian women having enjoyed stat us in the historical development, as well as the soft focus photography that characterized Ukrainian Soviet women's publications. What ’s more, the Ukrainian delegation to Beijing was headed by a man, Ivan Kuras. 53 But it also provided well - structured stati stical data, an overview of what Ukraine has done since 1983 when it signed the UN convention “ On Eradicating All Forms of Dis crim - ination against Women, ” and specific desiderata that need to be addressed in the country. Among these is the following: . . . taking into consideration that stereotypes about women are in general not fashioned nor preserved by the women themselves — nor, for that matter is the fate of women decided by themselves — it becomes very important to introduce “feminology” [sic] — the study of how the position of women in the family, the social role of the woman in the system of humanitarian education, in moral up - bring ing, in training, and in public life. A sociologist who studied political processes in Ukraine, came to the conclusion that given the low level of political consciousness among women, especially in central and eastern regions, the inordinate difficulties women must surmount to achieve a leadership role, and the total lack of interest or even of awareness toward the whole issue of gender in political styles of men and women, it will take much conscious effort and stress upon solutions of current issues before an effective bloc of women leaders emerges. 54 But the mass from which this force is to emerge is becoming evident even now . NOTES 41. See, for instance, Valentyna Zlenko and Natalia Napadovska, “Zhinky v politytsi,” Molod Ukrainy, 12 March, 1990, p. 3. 42. Teoriia i istoriia feminizma: Kurs lektsii. Kharkiv: F - Press, 1996. She has also published a major study, Zhenskoe pol iticheskoe bessoznatelnoe: Problema gendera i zhenskoe dvizhenie v Ukraiine. Kharkiv Center for Gender Studies: F - Press, 1996. 43. Luidmyla Smoliar, “Feministychna tradytsia Ukrainy i pytannia suchasnoho zhinochoho rukhu,” Zhinka i demokratiia. Kyiv, 1995 , p. 51. 44. The tradition of married Catholic clergy in Ukraine created a social ideal of the whole parsonage involved in educational outreach programs. A Catholic Ukrainian women’s organization, which took the name of a nineteenth century one — The Myrrh - b ringers — the women who visited Christ’s tomb only to be the first mortals to see the Risen Lord, was among the first women’s organizations to take to street demonstrations in 1989. It is spearheaded by a former political prisoner dissident poet, Iryna Kalyn ets, who champions the cause of peace, social activism, and liberation. She now heads the local Lviv Region Educational Council. 45. The story of the Brotherhood, both its political and financial implications, goes beyond the confines of this article. 46 . Interview with Ella Lamakh, one of the Ukrainian representatives to the March meeting on the Commission on the Status of Women, see also my “Practical Concerns and Political Protests in Post Soviet Ukraine,” Transition, Sep - tember, 1996. 47. Iryna Ihnat ova and Oksana Kuts (eds) Genderni pytannia v zasobakh masovoii informatsii. 1997, translated by Maxym Kononenko and Tetiana Moskvitina. 48. I used the July 1997 working document of the proposed statement on government’s policy toward women. 49. These gene ralizations are based upon polling and studies carried out by Yuri Neimer and his associates, see his “Rabotaiushie zhenshchiny (sotsialnyi portret gruppy)” Sovremennoe obshchestvo, Kharkiv, no., 2 and 3, 1994. 50. “Predstavnytstvo v orhanakh vlady,” is t he term generally used in Ukraine today. 51. Predstavnytsvo OON v Ukraiini, Orhkomitet pry Kabineti Ministriv Ukraiiny po pidhotovtsi do IV Vsesvit - noii konferentsii z stanovyshcha zhinok, Zhinka v Ukraiini. Chetverta vsesvitnia konferentsiia zi stanovysh cha zhinok (Beijing, 4 - 15 September 1995) n.p. 1995 p.13. 52. Ibid., p. 43. 53. It is interesting to note that in the interwar years, the Ukrainian cooperatives in Poland sent a man to represent Ukrainian cooperatives to the International Women’s Co - operat ive Guild, although there were qualified women capable of doing the job. 54. Valentyna Zlenko, “Politychnyi imidzh lidera,” in Mizhnarodna orhanizatsiia “Zhinocha hromada,” Zhinka i demokratia: Materialy mizhnarodnoi naukovo - praktychnoii konferentsii, Kyi v 2 - 5 June, 1995; Tamara MeInyk, (ed.), pp. 38. Видання C оюзу Українок A мерики - перевидано в електронному форматі в 2012 році . A рхів C У A - Ню Йорк , Н . Й . C Ш A.
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