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“НАШЕ ЖИТТЯ”, ВЕРЕСЕНЬ 200 8 13 Church of Our Lady in Volya, built in 1922 the mountains, suggesting to the reader that these people may have moved through Central Europe to the Balkans and settled on the shores and the islands of the Adriatic Sea, bringing with them language and shepherd traditions. In the second chapter, Staro Sambir Region comes to life: Herburt castle, a 10th century fortress on Mt. Mahura; military cemeteries; natural wonders (including the Spring of the Dniester and the mineral water well of Naftusya); the oil mine “Kopal’nya” in Smolynka or oil derricks near Staro; typical houses with floor plans; the industry of “fruit drying whic h saved people from starvation in years when crops were poor”; apiculture and bee hives as well as sheds for hay; a smithy with a detailed plan; the Viennese landlord’s castle owned until 1939; mostly wooden churches, belfries, and roadside crosses; cemeteries (including a Jewish one); and finally water mills (with floor plans and illustrations of water supplies) as well as many sawmills since we are in forest country. The simplest and yet the most significant drawing 4 in this part of the book is a stone column topped with a cross in iron work and an inscription below that reads: “Community of Holovets’ko; in memory of the abolition of SLAVERY 1848- 1898.” The third part is devoted to childhood. A picture of boys playing a make believe cart and horse game illustrates the first page; through the following pages the reader follows the boy’s life through his house, his priest’s house, and his church. We see him being scolded and hiding, or looking at icons on the wall. Through an illustration of lightening during a storm, we can imagine his belief that St. Havryil is shooting at the earth devils making “one devil less”! This is followed by the memories of the first homemade radio, of the storks and swallows returning, and of Gypsies passing through the village. There are notes about children snacking on sweet peas, poppies seeds, onions or carrots, red currants, and gooseberries, as well as wild strawberries in the forests, picked fresh and consumed on the spot. There are vivid descriptions of children inventing their own games and making their own toys: a horse, a trumpet, a windmill, a catapult, a flute from a reed or mouth organs. Children would play for hours at the river with a watermill, or slide in the mud or swing from a willow branch. Willow rods were cut and used for fences and children had to help to stack them up. Sons 6 or 7 years of age would work with their fathers plowing the fields; at home, they shepherded geese, fed the rabbits, pastured the cows, or raised doves; they also helped their mothers water the hemp. Then they would visit the craftsmen and observe them making wooden items and baskets or repairing utensils. Shalaga recorded his first ex- periences at cutting grass, threshing, keeping the fire going, and cooking potatoes and eggs for him- self at home and roasting corn, beans, and mush- rooms at a shepherd camp fire. In the fall, children helped with the harvest; in the winter they observed the world outside through the window. The most endearing picture in this section shows a boy and a
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