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d id n o t b e c o m e a s s o c ia te d w it h c h ild r e n ’ s gam es. O n e o f these is “ B i l l y G o a t W a s R u n n in g , R u n n in g ” ( B ih lo , b ih lo k o z e n ia tk o ) . T h e l y r ic s p re s e n t a m o v in g p ic tu r e o f a h e -g o a t s a v in g its k id f r o m a fr o z e n p o n d . A n o t h e r so n g p o r tr a y s the p r o d u c t iv e a n d h a rm o n io u s l if e o f a g o a t f a m ily : M r . B i l l y g r in d s the p e a s M r s . N a n n y h e lp s h im a ll d a y A n d K id d ie - g o a t lik e s m u s ic so H e f id d le s m a n y h o u rs a w a y H i s lit t le s is te r lo v e s to d a n ce T o the g a y a n d l i v e l y tu n e ... O n e f o lk s o n g re a c h e d the h e ig h ts o f c la s s ic a l opera. T h is so n g, “ D a r lin g L it t l e G o a t ” ( K o z u n iu - L iu b u n i u ” ) is ab o u t a c h ild w h o w is h e s to tam e a goat. T h e g o a t is o ffe re d the p ic tu r e o f a drea m lif e w h e re there w i l l b e no c h o re s - n o w a te r to fetch, n o b re a d to b a k e, a n d n o m e a l to p re p a re . T h is fo lk s o n g w a s o n e o f the so n g s c a r e f u lly d o c u m e n te d b y U k r a in ia n f o lk lo r is t s o f the late n in e te e n th c e n tu ry . It is o n e o f the so n g s that in s p ir e d the U k r a in ia n n a t io n a l c o m p o s e r, M y k o l a L y s e n k o ( 1 8 4 2 -1 9 1 2 ), to w r ite h is c h ild r e n ’ s o p e ra k n o w n as Koza Dereza (1 8 8 8 ), w h ic h is p a rt o f h is C y c le o f O p e r a s f o r C h ild r e n : T h e C h r is tm a s N ig h t (1 8 7 4 ), P a n K o t s k y i (1 8 9 1 ), an d W in t e r a n d S p r in g (1 8 9 2 ). U k r a in ia n f o lk lo r e n e v e r ceases to am a ze us w it h its w ea lth . T h ro u g h the en d o f the y e a r ritu a l o f the “ le a d in g o f the goat” as w e ll as th ro u g h the m e a n in g o f the ly r ic s o f the fo lk s o n g s , w e a lso d is c o v e r the p s y c h e o f the U k r a in ia n p e o p le . T h e G o a t is an e n tity that su rv iv e s , fe n d in g fo r i t s e lf so m e tim e s at the exp ense o f h e r o w n e r, as e v id e n c e d in th is lo v e ly song: In the g a rd en, tsap, tsap A c a b b a g e d is a p p e a rs , k h a p , k h a p A go atee g o e s t r u s h ’ , t r u s h ’ G r in d in g the c a b b a g e , k h r u s ’ , k h ru s T h e fe n c e s t ic k s g o tu p , tup A s the c a b b a g e g o e s k h ru p , k h ru p A n d b e h in d the h e -g o a t, the o ld m an W it h h is ca n e g o e s tip , t ip T h e s u rp ris e d h e -g o a t, b r y k , b r y k T h e v illa g e r s hear, k r y k , k r y k U n d e r the b lo w s , d m e , d m e T h e h e -g o a t y e lls , m e h , m e h B e h in d the h e -g o a t, the d o g g o e s h a v , h a v T h a t f o r y o u , y o u d e s e rv e w h a t y o u ha ve! T h e g o a t’ s r e b ir th lie s in h e r m a s te r’ s a b ilit y to f o r g iv e , b u t i f the m a s te r f a ils to fo rg iv e , the g o a t w i l l f in d a w a y to s u r v iv e l ik e B i l l G r o g e n ’ s G o a t in th is A m e r ic a n fo lk s o n g : B i l l G r o g e n ’ s g o a t w a s f e e lin g fin e A t e three red sh irts , r ig h t o f f the lin e A n d so B i l l G r o g e n g a v e the go a t, an a w f u l w h a c k A n d t ie d h im to the r a ilr o a d tra c k . T h e w h is t le b le w , the tra in d r e w n ig h B i l l G r o g e n ’ s g o a t w a s s o o n to d ie B u t B i l l G r o g e n ’ s g o a t g a v e an a w f u l stra in C o u g h e d u p the s h irts a n d fla g g e d the tra in ! A s to the re b irth o f n a tu re a s s o c ia te d w it h sp rin g , there is in A m e r ic a a m o s t e x tr a o r d in a r y e x p e r im e n t c o n d u c te d in D e n v e r , C o lo r a d o , w h ic h in re c e n t y e a rs h as m a d e h e a d lin e s . It c a n be a c c e ss e d on the w e b at the f o llo w in g site: w w w . d e n v e r g o v . o r g T h e site o ffe r s m u c h in f o r m a t io n a b o u t D e n v e r, e s p e c ia lly in f o r m a t io n o n the p r o je c t “ G o a ts in the C i t y ” , s p o n s o re d b y the D e n v e r P a r k s & R e c r e a t io n D e p a rtm e n t. E s s e n t ia lly , the c it y is u s in g an “ e f f ic ie n t t e c h n iq u e to c o n tr o l w e e d s b y u s in g g o a ts to g ra z e ” in the c it y p a rk s . O n a r e g u la r b a s is , t r u c k s b r in g a h erd o f g o a ts to s e c tio n s o f the p a r k s a n d le t th e m graze. T h e g o a ts are K a s h m ir go a ts, b r o u g h t to D e n v e r in s m a ll herd s. S u r p r is in g ly e n o u g h , these g o a ts “ eat n o x io u s w e e d s a n d m a y b e e v e n eat th e m f ir s t.” A s th e y feed , t h e ir h o o v e s w o r k the seeds o f m o re d e s ira b le p la n ts in to the s o il. “ T h e r e s u lt is a re d u c tio n o f the w e e d p o p u la t io n w h ic h m in im iz e s p e s t ic id e use, re d u c e s s t a f f needs, c o v e rs la rg e areas o f la n d in sh o rte r p e r io d s o f tim e , e lim in a t e s p la n t d e b ris, e x c lu d e s h e a v y e q u ip m e n t a n d r e c y c le s n u trie n t e le m e n ts o th e rw is e ta k e n to la n d f i ll s . ” S h o u ld w e b e s u rp ris e d that t h is m o s t c re a tiv e e x p e r im e n t d e v e lo p e d in the W e s t? C e r t a in ly not. T h e N a v a j o I n d ia n s - ju s t l ik e o u r U k r a in ia n fo re fa th e rs - h a v e lo n g r e lie d o n g o a ts f o r t h e ir s u r v iv a l. A lt h o u g h g o ats are o fte n c a u g h t in s m a ll m is c h ie f , th e y c a n - w it h o u t s p e c ia l fe e d -- p r o v id e t h e ir o w n e r s w it h m ilk , Notes to "Kozuniu-Liubuniu Видання C оюзу Українок A мерики - перевидано в електронному форматі в 2012 році . A рхів C У A - Ню Йорк , Н . Й . C Ш A.
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