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While studying about the folk costume, children can also learn some geography and the language. One can not discuss the folk costume from Polissia region with out describing the area, its marshes and thick forests. One must desribe how each little piece of dry land is held in precious esteem by the people living there. One can talk about other regions of Ukraine in a similar fashion. It is necessary to describe how a folk costume was formed through the ages and why it is as it is, and not different. The most important part of the costume is the shirt. There are many beliefs and sayings about the shirt, par ticularly how its sewn and its embroidery. Much mate rial can be compiled here and taught to the children according to their age groups. Is this material available? Yes it is, but it’s scattered. Putting it together requires a lot of work. The embroidery is the decoration of the folk cos tume, specifically the shirt. Embroidery is not only an ornament but a symbolic language which when properly read, can yield many secrets. The positioning of the embroidery on the shirt was not done randomly but according to specific reason and with a definite pur pose. Reason was also behind the use of specific colors. Therefore, we are dealing with a magical meaning behind the emobroidery. Next, one can study the compositional aspect of the ornament, its various combinations and permutations created by the people. The most applicable part of the folk costume to contemporary usage is the embroidered blouse. It is like a modern version of the shirt. Some women want to be very original and think that if they turn the design bottom side up or sideways it will look better, for after all they are artisans! In the application of embroidery or any folk ornament it is necessary to be familiar with the folk culture and with the rules of proper application. One must study the individuality of each costume and what can be combined and where. Often, the em broiderers will change colors in children’s shirts (ex. from the Poltava region). Instead of the traditional black leaves, they will make them green. Again, it is imperative to understand why the colors on designs do not necessarily reflect the proper colors of nature. As designs get copied, the colors are changed. How should we view this? I would advise those who do not know the essence of embroidery not to do it. The peo ple in the old days did change color schemes, i.e. the insets from Kosmach, but it was always done within the framework of a given range of colors ised in that partic ular region. It was newer done arbitrarily. Many times a type of stitching is changed, i. e. from the flat stitch to the cross stitch. I am against that since it compromises the integrity of the embroidery. If we can boast about the great variety of stitches in our embroidery, then why not learn how to do them? Embroidery in home application possibly looks the best. Obviously it cannot be applied everywhere, nor Дерево прибране кролевецькими рушниками. Власність Л. Волинець. Справа рушник з Полтави. Власність 90 Відділу ім. Олени Степанів у Філядельфіі. Tree decorated with ritual cloths from Krolyvets. On loan from Lubow Wolynetz. Ritual cloth on right from Poltava region. On loan from Branch 90 of UNWLA in Philadelphia. should it be. Discretion is the key word here. Rushnyky, ritual cloths, are the traditional home decoration. Every part of Ukraine had its particular types of rushnyky, yet when it comes to use in rituals they all served the same or similar functions. Rushnyky were ancient talisman, the protecting charm which guarded the home and the people from all evil, from disaster. Rushnyky were found in every home and even tually were used as decoration over the icons. There was not a child who did not receive one from his or her mother at the start of a long or short trip. Rushnyky are items of reverence for the Ukrainian people. Yet today few homes can be found where a rushnyk adorns an icon. It is considered backward. We decorate our wall, our doors and windows with all sorts of things, yet feel that a rushnyk will damage the sophis ticated ambiance we are trying to project. If we only understood the meaning of these ritual cloths, we would deal with them in a different way. Hence, when teaching young people about Ukrainian folk art, it is important to emphasize the use of the rushnyk and define its meaning. Видання C оюзу Українок A мерики - перевидано в електронному форматі в 2012 році . A рхів C У A - Ню Йорк , Н . Й . C Ш A.
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