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UKRAINIAN NAMES IN WHO’S WHO OF AMERICAN WOMEN Who’s Who o f American Women, the first edition of which appeared in 1958, has acquired by now a well de served reputation. It is used frequently by researchers and the general public for biographical information on outstanding women of America; Like other Marquis’ Who’s Whos, the Who’s Who o f American Women is a highly selective listing. The admission is by invitation only and the major criterion for determining who will be included is what the editors consider "the extent of a woman’s reference value”. This reference value is judged by two factors: "the position of responsibility held” and "the level of achievement attained by the in dividual.” The 10th (1977-1978) edition of Who’s Who o f American Women lists 21,000 names. We were able to find in this number 31 Ukrainian women, both from the United States and from Canada. They are (in alphabeti cal order): Sophie Andriaschuk, a physician-anesthesi- ologist from Vancouver; Mary V. Beck, a lawyer and ci vic leader from Detroit; Kalyna Bezchlibnyk, a pharmacist from Toronto; Chrystyna Blazenko, a librarian and teacher from Clifton, N.J.; Anna Bocun- Vlasenko, editor of America from Philadelphia; Martha Bohachevsky-Chomiak, a professor at Manhattanville College; Isydora Bojarskyj a chartist from Hackensack, N.J; Prim-Rose Diakiw, an artist from Calgary; Maria Harasewych, a literary critic from Detroit; Maria Harasowska-Daczyszyn, a painter from Chicago; Ka therine Hiduchenko, a physician from Minneapolis; Ste- fanie Huk, a physician from South Orange, N.J.; Maria Hyk, a pharmacist from Griggsville, III.; Natalie Klimke- vich, educator and pianist from Florida; Halyna Kon- dracki, a choir director from Toronto; Lena Kostiuk, an artist from Edmonton; Mary Koval, a sociologist from New York City; Olha Kuzmowycz, journalist and associ ation executive from Babylon, N.Y.; Christina Lypeckyj, mezzo-soprano, from Warren, Mich.; Daria Markus, an educator from Chicago; Michele Metrinko, lawyer, government official and a former "Miss U.S.A." of Washington; Xenia Moshinsky, artist from Denver; 2. The child shall enjoy sp ecial protection, and shall be given opportunities and facilities...to enable him to develop physically, mentally, spiritually and socially in a healthy normal manner and in conditions of freedom and dignity. 3. The child shall be entitled by from his birth to a name and a nationality. 4. The child shall enjoy the benefits of social security. 5. The child who is physically mentally or socially handi capped shall be given the special treatment, education and care required by his particular condition. 6. The child, for thefull and harmoious developm ent of hispersonality, n eed s love and understanding. He shall grow up... in an atm osphere of affection and of moral and material security. 7. The child is entitled to receive education. 8. The child shall in all circum stances be among the first to re ceive protection and relief. 9. The child shall be protected against all forms of neglect, cruetly add exploitation. 10. The child shall be protected from practices which may foster racial, religious and any other form of discrimination. Odarka Onyschuk, painter and specialist in Easter eggs from Weston, Ontario; Emily Ostapchuk, an association executive from Richmond, British Columbia; Larissa Palyvoda, a church worker from Somerset, N.J.; Eugenia Pasternak, institution administrator of Toronto; Mary Popovich, city official from Cleveland; Alice Sivulich, college official from Easton, Pa.; Dolores Smorang, an educator from Winnipeg; Mary Tanczak-Dycio, a physi cian from Lewiston, Maine and Marta Tarnawsky. a foreign law librarian, of Philadelphia. There may be — in addition to these 31 names — a few "hidden" Ukrainians among the thousands listed in this 10th edition of Who's Who among American Wo men but it was not possible to determine their Ukrainian descent with complete certainty, M. T. MOTRIA KUSHNIR WOMAN VIEWS & NEWS IN WOMAN'S WORLD A Social Security law which discriminated against working women to the disadvantage of their families was struck down by the Suprem e Court. The discriminatory law permitted the hus band and widower of a woman worker to collect benefits on his w ife’s accou n t only if he could show that his wife had contributed at least half of his support. This meant the woman had to con - trubute 75% of the family support — all her own and half of her husband’s. The wife and widow of a male worker, however, received benefits on her husband’s account automatically: no show ing of support was required. This statutory sch em e w as based upon a presumption that women are d ep en d en ts of their husbands, while men are the so le breadwinners and support of their wives. Ruling in Califano v. Goldfarb, the Court said: ’’The gender- based differentiation ...results in the efforts of fem ale workers required to pay Social Security taxes producing less protection for their sp o u s e s than is produced by the efforts of men and is for bidden by the Constitution, at least when supported by no more substantial justification than archaic and overbroad generalizations, or old notions such as assum ptions as to d e p endency that are more con sisten t with the role-typing so ciety has long im posed than with contemporary reality.” Among the d ecisio n ’s many important c o n se q u e n c e s are: 1) it drives another nail into the coffin of the presumption that w o men are dependent and men are the breadwinners, a pre sumption that affects many laws and practices at all levels of government; 2) it d eclares implicitly that sex-b ased discrimination is unconstitutional even if the remedy is expensive-until now, the Court has seem ed to say, "equality so long as it’s cheap." Jam es C. N elson, a San Francisco advertising executive, has developed a test for advertisers to u se in determining w hetherthe attitude and behavior of wom en portrayed in their ads is offensive. НАШЕ ЖИТТЯ, ЛИПЕНЬ-СЕРПЕНЬ 1977 21
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