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OUR LIFE MONTHLY, published by Ukrainian National Womens League of America Vol. XXXIII_______________________July - August, 1976 No. 7 Editor Marta Baczynsky 200th Anniversary On July 4th 1976 the U.S.A. celebrated the 200th Anniversary of its independence. Happy Birthday, America! Time .... its measure — minute, hour, week, month, year, a century. It may seem that all are subject to the same rule as far as time is concerned, yet the meaning of time related to various subjects differs. The life time of one individual may appear long, extremely long, if that lifetime was dull, montonous, without a challenge. A century is more than one lifetime for a person, relatively significant in the growth of a nation, a moment in the history of the world. America's 200 years is a short span of time in growth and development compared to the old established nations of Europe, Asia and Africa; Yet in this relatively meager span America has gathered more living experience produced more changes and with stood greater challenges than any other nation on earth. We can compare America to a young individual. Both are governed mainly by exhuberance, belief in the high ideals of democracy, liberty, equality. On one hand both show unbound kindness, consideration — on the other shamefull neglect, even cruelty. This country, just as a young person must mature to find that golden middle or balance in its expressions. America is still in its youth, but maturing fast. It has a limitless horizon, its potentials are without end. Where it will go depends on its initiative — the will of its people, the wisdom of its leaders. UNWLA Sends Appeal to Pope Paul The UNWLA has joined many other Ukrainian organizations in asking His Holiness Pope Paul VI to allow Cardinal Josef Slipyj to attend the World Eucharist Council in Philadelphia. In its Jetter of appeal, the UNWLA cited the Cardinal's sufferings on behalf of his faith and his perservance in the defense of those who are still denied religious freedom. OUR ANCESTORS IN AMERICA The Ukrainian immigration to the United States has a history spanning over one hundred years now. The Ukrainian ethnic group is an especially interesting one in that at the time of the arrival of its first members in America, it was an ethnic group without a nation-state and without a national identity. The Ukrainian national movement, including the movement'to use the modern Ukrainian literary language and to preserve the folk heritage, was gaining ground on Ukrainian territory just at the time when it was "losing" people to the emigra tion. The economic emigration laid the foundations of Ukrainian ethnic life in America. THE BEGINNINGS OF THE EMIGRATION In the latter half of the nineteenth century, industriali zation moved into Southern and Eastern Europe and the migration of uprooted people from villages to towns and cities and even to other countries and overseas began. The final destination for many was America; between 1880 and 1930, twenty-seven million immigrants made their homes in the United States. Over four million of these immigrants were from within the boundaries of the Austro-Hungarian Empire. MARTA KICHOROWSKY Immigration to the United States from the Austro- Hungarian Empire began in the 1860's. Miserable poverty, overpopulation, scarcity of land, unemploy ment and a lack of opportunity for unskilled laborers in urban centers forced men to mortgage their farms and pay off their debts by offering themselves for physical labor in foreign countries. Seasonal migration, there fore, preceded a more final emigration. Incentive to migrate to America was provided not only by rumors of lucrative opportunities, but also by the activity of steam ship agents who recruited migrants for the trip to America. By the late 1870's, the Austro-Hungarian Empire was witnessing a mass-migration which, by 1890, consisted of a constant outflow of men and a few women. Between 1871 and 1880, ten times as many immigrants from Austro-Hungary entered the United States as in the preceding decade and their numbers in creased steadily, reaching a peak of 2,145,266 in the period between 1901-1910. During and after World War I there was a sharp decline in immigration which was largely caused by United States immigration restric tions and the general depression of the 1930's. 22 НАШЕ ЖИТТЯ, ЛИПЕНЬ-СЕРПЕНЬ 1976 Видання C оюзу Українок A мерики - перевидано в електронному форматі в 2012 році . A рхів C У A - Ню Йорк , Н . Й . C Ш A.
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