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After the sessions, we had an opportunity to socialize and get to know each other better at such functions as the International Night, the trip to Victoria Island, and visits to such institutions as the University Women's Association Mansion in Vancouver. It was an agreement which included their native province in a future Czechoslovak Republic with guaranteed territorial autonomy. At this time, the Carpatho-Ruthenians were promoting themselves as an ethnolinguistically separate group. The Carpatho-Ruthenian clergy and secular leaders did not agree with the Galician Ukrainian political program and rebelled against the domination of Galician elements in both church and fraternal orga nizations. Today they consider themselves a separate group. EMIGRATION SINCE 1920 Emigration to the United States from Ukraine was halted during World War 1, but emigration from Western Ukrainian territories resumed at continued, though on a much smaller scale, until the seizure of Western Ukraine by the Bolsheviks in 1939. In the 1920's the nature of the emigration changed. Because Ukrainians were not recorded as a nationality before 1699 and because Ukraine was not an independent nation, the Ukrainians did not receive a quota under the Quota Act of 1924, which allowed for a number equa. to two percent of the U.S. ethnic population as of 1890 to enter annually. An average of only 96 Ukrainians per year for the years 1931-1936 managed to gain entry into the United States according to reports of the U.S. Department of Labor, Immigration and Naurealization. No mass migration of particularly pleasing to be recognized by many women whom I'd met earlier at the Tribune in Mexico City, and to share some quieter, more intimate visits with them. As members of the American delegation, we like our fellow delegates, were provided with a bicentennial pinafore, adorned with stripes and stars, which was made by NCW's vice-president, Florence Jacobsen and the women of the Relief Society of the Mormon Church. I especially liked two words on the eagle across my chest, "Freedom and Independence". I think it was a novel idea to not only look attractive but also make a statement of what one stands for. Despite the rule that only the president of our delegation, Mrs. Hope Skiuman Schary, was entitled to speak during a plenary session, I was allowed an opportunity to speak in reference to a resolution respecting political prisoners. Mrs. Helen Hnatyshyn, former president of the National Council of Women of Canada and now ICW vice-president preceded me and eloquently presented the plight of women political prisoners throughout the world, basing her presentation on the records of Amnesty International. It was truly gratifying, however, when the ICW UN Representative from Geneva specifically cited the plight of Ukrainian women political prisoners. For Americans of Ukrainian descent, the Triennial was a unique opportunity to meet many other Ukrainian women from Canada, who are active in the Canadian Council. In fact, there was a hospitality suite arranged in the rooms of Mrs. Nancy Shemuluck, President of the Ukrainians came to the United States until after World War II when some 85,000 Ukrainian displaced persons entered the U.S. between 1947 and 1955 under the provisionsof the DP Act of 1948. Since 1955, over 5,000 more Ukrainians have come to the United States from Western Europe, South America, Poland and Yugoslavia. But this is history we have ourselves been witness to. BIBLIOGRAPHY Dinnerstein, Leonard and David M. Relmers. Ethnic Americana. New York Dodd, Mead and Co., 1975. Halich, Wasyl. The Ukrainian* In the United Statee. London, the Hague: Mouton and Co., 1937. Kuropas, Myron B. The Ukrainians In America. The In America Series. Minneapolis, Minnesota: Lerner Publications Co., 1972. Shevchenko Scientific Society. Ukraine: A Concise Encyclopedia. ed. by Volodymyr Kubijovyc 2 volumes. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1963 The noblest question in the w orld is: What good may I do in it? Benjamin Franklin His heart was as great as the world, b u t there was no room in it to hold the memory o f the wrong. Said o f Lincoln Do n o t stop at doing necessary kindness; the unnecessary ones are o f far more importance. Unknown НАШЕ ЖИТТЯ, ВЕРЕСЕНЬ, 1976 23 Каміля Смородська з секретаркою Міжнародньої Ради Жі нок з Ніґерії Цецилією Нзеако та налиною Мельник заступницею голови Національної Ради Жінок Канади. Camille Smorodsky with the secretary of ICW from Nigeria, Cecelia Nzeako and Halyna Melnyk, the vice-president of the National Congress of Canadian Women.
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