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UKRAINIAN WOMAN OUR ENGLISH COLUMN Economically Speaking Amidst 'the preparations for the World Congress of Ukrainian Women (which will take place on June 24-27 in New York) we have collected interesting data. Among the various questionnaire m ater ial sent in to our headquarters the so-called “economic” ques tionnaire takes definite prece dence. This report, filled-out by every member of Ukrainian wo men’s organizations, in the^Free World gives us a sufficiently clear picture of women’s employ ment and their corresponding rights in different countries. As of now complete data has arrived from France, Great Brit ain, Argentina, Brazil, and Vene zuela. This reveals to us the fact that the greater number of wo men work on non-skilled jobs. The greatest percentage is em ployed as factory workers and domestics with few exceptions of professional, highly qualified work. Lack of knowledge of the language and customs of a given country is the reason for this small number of women who are able to work in their profession. Another factor is often the un friendly attitude towards new settlers as rivals on the labor "market-” It is interesting to note that in this respect the labor situ ation (especially in regard to wo men workers) is much worse in the European countries than else- wlhere. One of the most important questions asked by the question naire was how many of the mar ried women had to work for their living. The answers are cited be low: Those working for a living: A r gentina 50% ; Brazil 63% ; France 80%; Great Britain 57%! Ger" many 31% ; Venezuela 33.2%. Those not working: Argentina 50% ; Brazil 37% ; France 20% ; Great Britain 43%; Germany 69% ; Venezuela 66.8%. This percentage explains both the economic relations and the at titude of a given country. For ex ample, the percentage of the wor king women in Germany and Ve nezuela is almost equal, but the reasons for this situation vary. In Venezuela tliere is a marked absence of light industry projects in which the women would find employment easily. On the other hand this type of industry is well developed in Germany, but for eigners have a hard time finding a job. Also the percentage о і those unable to work is enor mously high. The material circumstances are most pressing in Eiirope. The Ukrainian woman has to cope with various problems: not only the smaller wage for a non-skill- ed worker, but also the housing problem, lack of appliances at home, and the high cost of elec tricity. After returning home from work she turns to house work, little time remaining for children and rest. The situation presents itself somewhat better in the Latin-American countries- Here an impressive number of the women work professionally (Brazil), while many others have begun their own enterprizes such as stores (predominantly grocer ies), boarding establishments, bakeries, and tailor shops. Th-ese also require a great amount of time and work but do not bar own initiative and provide for future prospects. Our modest review of the «eco nomic position of the Ukrainian woman can aid in better under standing of her role in the free world. Although exhauseted by hard, demanding work she still finds time to form and join or ganizations and takes active part in their life. She understands her debt and duty towards her occu pied country and strives to help it by all possible means. Olena Trofymovska ANOTHER ANNIVERSARY Who of us can forget the happy, proud days when in March of 1939 the Carpathian Ukraine de clared its independence! All around the world the Ukrainians were discussing this epochal move; a fte r all, the “Silver Land” had spoken after so many years of enslaved existence. Twenty years have passed since that time and today we remember the rise of Carpathian Ukraine as a part of our united struggle for independence. We are fortunate to be able to publish Mrs Anna Kluchko’s memoirs about those fate-ful happenings. The author had lived for twenty years in that part of Ukraine and quite amaz ingly gives us a totally different slant of the situation. She de scribes the mountainous country as poor, badly educated, and lack ing sanitary protection. But what glorious history that little country made! Its poor, rightless inhibitants heard the call of freedom and won it by voting, each and every one of them, at the decisive elections. O U R LIFE Edited by Editorial Board Published by the Ukrainian National* Women’s League of America» Inc. 909 N. Franklin St. Philadelphia 23, Pa. Phone MA 7-7945
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